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98 lines
3.5 KiB
Markdown
98 lines
3.5 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: 进程通信
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order: 4
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---
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# **通道通信**
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### 简介
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轻雪运行在主进程 MainProcess 里，有部分实现插件为了一些功能在子进程中运行，这样两个进程上下文是不会互相干扰的，因此无法通过共享内存和直接对象传递进行通信。
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例如子进程接收到用户信息需要重启机器人，这时可以通过通道对主进程发送消息，主进程接收到消息后重启对应子进程。
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### 示例
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通道是全双工的，有两种接收模式，但一个通道只能使用一种，即被动模式和主动模式，被动模式由`chan.on_receive()`装饰回调函数实现，主动模式需调用`chan.receive()`实现
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- 创建子进程的同时会初始化一个被动通道和一个主动通道，且通道标识为`{process_name}-active`和`{process_name}-passive`，
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- 主进程中通过`get_channel`函数获取通道对象
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- 子进程中导入单例`active_channel`及`passive_channel`即可
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> 在轻雪插件中(主进程中)
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```python
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import asyncio
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from liteyuki.comm import get_channel, Channel
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from liteyuki import get_bot
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# get_channel函数获取通道对象，参数为调用set_channel时的通道标识
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channel_passive = get_channel("nonebot-passive") # 获取被动通道
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channel_active = get_channel("nonebot-active") # 获取主动通道
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liteyuki_bot = get_bot()
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# 注册一个函数在轻雪启动后运行
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@liteyuki_bot.on_after_start
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async def send_data():
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while True:
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channel_passive.send("I am liteyuki main process passive")
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channel_active.send("I am liteyuki main process active")
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await asyncio.sleep(3) # 每3秒发送一次消息
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```
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> 在子进程中（例如NoneBot插件中）
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```python
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from nonebot import get_driver
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from liteyuki.comm import active_channel, passive_channel # 子进程中获取通道直接导入进程全局单例即可
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from liteyuki.log import logger
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driver = get_driver()
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# 被动模式，通过装饰器注册一个函数在接收到消息时运行，每次接收到字符串数据时都会运行
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@passive_channel.on_receive(filter_func=lambda data: isinstance(data, str))
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async def on_passive_receive(data):
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logger.info(f"Passive receive: {data}")
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# 注册一个函数在NoneBot启动后运行
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@driver.on_startup
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def on_startup():
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while True:
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data = active_channel.receive()
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logger.info(f"Active receive: {data}")
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```
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> 启动后控制台输出
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```log
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0000-00-00 00:00:00 [ℹ️信息] Passive receive: I am liteyuki main process passive
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0000-00-00 00:00:00 [ℹ️信息] Active receive: I am liteyuki main process active
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0000-00-00 00:00:03 [ℹ️信息] Passive receive: I am liteyuki main process passive
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0000-00-00 00:00:03 [ℹ️信息] Active receive: I am liteyuki main process active
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...
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```
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## **共享内存通信**
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### 简介
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- 相比于普通进程通信，内存共享使得代码编写更加简洁，轻雪框架提供了一个内存共享通信的接口，你可以通过`storage`模块实现内存共享通信，该模块封装通道实现
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- 内存共享是线程安全的，你可以在多个线程中读写共享内存，线程锁会自动保护共享内存的读写操作
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### 示例
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> 在任意进程中均可使用
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```python
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from liteyuki.comm.storage import shared_memory
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shared_memory.set("key", "value") # 设置共享内存
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value = shared_memory.get("key") # 获取共享内存
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```
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源代码：[liteyuki/comm/storage.py](https://github.com/LiteyukiStudio/LiteyukiBot/blob/main/liteyuki/comm/storage.py)
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