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LiteyukiBot/docs/en/dev/dev_comm.md
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---
title: Communication
icon: exchange-alt
order: 4
category: development
---
## **通道通信**
### 简介
轻雪运行在主进程 MainProcess 里,其他插件框架进程是伴随的子进程,因此无法通过内存共享和直接对象传递的方式进行通信,轻雪提供了一个通道`Channel`用于跨进程通信,你可以通过`Channel`发送消息给其他进程,也可以监听其他进程的消息。
例如子进程接收到用户信息需要重启机器人,这时可以通过通道对主进程发送消息,主进程接收到消息后重启对应子进程。
### 示例
通道是全双工的,有两种接收模式,但一个通道只能使用一种,即被动模式和主动模式,被动模式由`chan.on_receive()`装饰回调函数实现,主动模式需调用`chan.receive()`实现
- 创建子进程的同时会初始化一个被动通道和一个主动通道,且通道标识为`{process_name}-active`和`{process_name}-passive`
- 主进程中通过`get_channel`函数获取通道对象
- 子进程中导入单例`active_channel`及`passive_channel`即可
> 在轻雪插件中(主进程中)
```python
import asyncio
from liteyuki.comm import get_channel, Channel
from liteyuki import get_bot
# get_channel函数获取通道对象参数为调用set_channel时的通道标识
channel_passive = get_channel("nonebot-passive") # 获取被动通道
channel_active = get_channel("nonebot-active") # 获取主动通道
liteyuki_bot = get_bot()
# 注册一个函数在轻雪启动后运行
@liteyuki_bot.on_after_start
async def send_data():
while True:
channel_passive.send("I am liteyuki main process passive")
channel_active.send("I am liteyuki main process active")
await asyncio.sleep(3) # 每3秒发送一次消息
```
> 在子进程中例如NoneBot插件中
```python
from nonebot import get_driver
from liteyuki.comm import active_channel, passive_channel # 子进程中获取通道直接导入进程全局单例即可
from liteyuki.log import logger
driver = get_driver()
# 被动模式,通过装饰器注册一个函数在接收到消息时运行,每次接收到字符串数据时都会运行
@passive_channel.on_receive(filter_func=lambda data: isinstance(data, str))
async def on_passive_receive(data):
logger.info(f"Passive receive: {data}")
# 注册一个函数在NoneBot启动后运行
@driver.on_startup
def on_startup():
while True:
data = active_channel.receive()
logger.info(f"Active receive: {data}")
```
> 启动后控制台输出
```log
0000-00-00 00:00:00 [ℹ️信息] Passive receive: I am liteyuki main process passive
0000-00-00 00:00:00 [ℹ️信息] Active receive: I am liteyuki main process active
0000-00-00 00:00:03 [ℹ️信息] Passive receive: I am liteyuki main process passive
0000-00-00 00:00:03 [ℹ️信息] Active receive: I am liteyuki main process active
...
```
## **共享内存通信**
### 简介
- 相比于普通进程通信,内存共享使得代码编写更加简洁,轻雪框架提供了一个内存共享通信的接口,你可以通过`storage`模块实现内存共享通信,该模块封装通道实现
- 内存共享是线程安全的,你可以在多个线程中读写共享内存,线程锁会自动保护共享内存的读写操作
### 示例
> 在任意进程中均可使用
```python
from liteyuki.comm.storage import shared_memory
shared_memory.set("key", "value") # 设置共享内存
value = shared_memory.get("key") # 获取共享内存
```
- 源代码:[liteyuki/comm/storage.py](https://github.com/LiteyukiStudio/LiteyukiBot/blob/main/liteyuki/comm/storage.py)