meilisearch/index-scheduler/src/index_mapper/mod.rs

495 lines
19 KiB
Rust

use std::path::PathBuf;
use std::sync::{Arc, RwLock};
use std::time::Duration;
use std::{fs, thread};
use meilisearch_types::heed::types::{SerdeJson, Str};
use meilisearch_types::heed::{Database, Env, RoTxn, RwTxn};
use meilisearch_types::milli::update::IndexerConfig;
use meilisearch_types::milli::{FieldDistribution, Index};
use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
use time::OffsetDateTime;
use tracing::error;
use uuid::Uuid;
use self::index_map::IndexMap;
use self::IndexStatus::{Available, BeingDeleted, Closing, Missing};
use crate::uuid_codec::UuidCodec;
use crate::{Error, Result};
mod index_map;
const INDEX_MAPPING: &str = "index-mapping";
const INDEX_STATS: &str = "index-stats";
/// Structure managing meilisearch's indexes.
///
/// It is responsible for:
/// 1. Creating new indexes
/// 2. Opening indexes and storing references to these opened indexes
/// 3. Accessing indexes through their uuid
/// 4. Mapping a user-defined name to each index uuid.
///
/// # Implementation notes
///
/// An index exists as 3 bits of data:
/// 1. The index data on disk, that can exist in 3 states: Missing, Present, or BeingDeleted.
/// 2. The persistent database containing the association between the index' name and its UUID,
/// that can exist in 2 states: Missing or Present.
/// 3. The state of the index in the in-memory `IndexMap`, that can exist in multiple states:
/// - Missing
/// - Available
/// - Closing (because an index needs resizing or was evicted from the cache)
/// - BeingDeleted
///
/// All of this data should be kept consistent between index operations, which is achieved by the `IndexMapper`
/// with the use of the following primitives:
/// - A RwLock on the `IndexMap`.
/// - Transactions on the association database.
/// - ClosingEvent signals emitted when closing an environment.
#[derive(Clone)]
pub struct IndexMapper {
/// Keep track of the opened indexes. Used mainly by the index resolver.
index_map: Arc<RwLock<IndexMap>>,
/// Map an index name with an index uuid currently available on disk.
pub(crate) index_mapping: Database<Str, UuidCodec>,
/// Map an index UUID with the cached stats associated to the index.
///
/// Using an UUID forces to use the index_mapping table to recover the index behind a name, ensuring
/// consistency wrt index swapping.
pub(crate) index_stats: Database<UuidCodec, SerdeJson<IndexStats>>,
/// Path to the folder where the LMDB environments of each index are.
base_path: PathBuf,
/// The map size an index is opened with on the first time.
index_base_map_size: usize,
/// The quantity by which the map size of an index is incremented upon reopening, in bytes.
index_growth_amount: usize,
/// Whether we open a meilisearch index with the MDB_WRITEMAP option or not.
enable_mdb_writemap: bool,
pub indexer_config: Arc<IndexerConfig>,
/// A few types of long running batches of tasks that act on a single index set this field
/// so that a handle to the index is available from other threads (search) in an optimized manner.
currently_updating_index: Arc<RwLock<Option<(String, Index)>>>,
}
/// Whether the index is available for use or is forbidden to be inserted back in the index map
#[allow(clippy::large_enum_variant)]
#[derive(Clone)]
pub enum IndexStatus {
/// Not currently in the index map.
Missing,
/// Do not insert it back in the index map as it is currently being deleted.
BeingDeleted,
/// Temporarily do not insert the index in the index map as it is currently being resized/evicted from the map.
Closing(index_map::ClosingIndex),
/// You can use the index without worrying about anything.
Available(Index),
}
/// The statistics that can be computed from an `Index` object.
#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug)]
pub struct IndexStats {
/// Number of documents in the index.
pub number_of_documents: u64,
/// Size taken up by the index' DB, in bytes.
///
/// This includes the size taken by both the used and free pages of the DB, and as the free pages
/// are not returned to the disk after a deletion, this number is typically larger than
/// `used_database_size` that only includes the size of the used pages.
pub database_size: u64,
/// Size taken by the used pages of the index' DB, in bytes.
///
/// As the DB backend does not return to the disk the pages that are not currently used by the DB,
/// this value is typically smaller than `database_size`.
pub used_database_size: u64,
/// Association of every field name with the number of times it occurs in the documents.
pub field_distribution: FieldDistribution,
/// Creation date of the index.
pub created_at: OffsetDateTime,
/// Date of the last update of the index.
pub updated_at: OffsetDateTime,
}
impl IndexStats {
/// Compute the stats of an index
///
/// # Parameters
///
/// - rtxn: a RO transaction for the index, obtained from `Index::read_txn()`.
pub fn new(index: &Index, rtxn: &RoTxn) -> Result<Self> {
Ok(IndexStats {
number_of_documents: index.number_of_documents(rtxn)?,
database_size: index.on_disk_size()?,
used_database_size: index.used_size()?,
field_distribution: index.field_distribution(rtxn)?,
created_at: index.created_at(rtxn)?,
updated_at: index.updated_at(rtxn)?,
})
}
}
impl IndexMapper {
pub fn new(
env: &Env,
base_path: PathBuf,
index_base_map_size: usize,
index_growth_amount: usize,
index_count: usize,
enable_mdb_writemap: bool,
indexer_config: IndexerConfig,
) -> Result<Self> {
let mut wtxn = env.write_txn()?;
let index_mapping = env.create_database(&mut wtxn, Some(INDEX_MAPPING))?;
let index_stats = env.create_database(&mut wtxn, Some(INDEX_STATS))?;
wtxn.commit()?;
Ok(Self {
index_map: Arc::new(RwLock::new(IndexMap::new(index_count))),
index_mapping,
index_stats,
base_path,
index_base_map_size,
index_growth_amount,
enable_mdb_writemap,
indexer_config: Arc::new(indexer_config),
currently_updating_index: Default::default(),
})
}
/// Get or create the index.
pub fn create_index(
&self,
mut wtxn: RwTxn,
name: &str,
date: Option<(OffsetDateTime, OffsetDateTime)>,
) -> Result<Index> {
match self.index(&wtxn, name) {
Ok(index) => {
wtxn.commit()?;
Ok(index)
}
Err(Error::IndexNotFound(_)) => {
let uuid = Uuid::new_v4();
self.index_mapping.put(&mut wtxn, name, &uuid)?;
let index_path = self.base_path.join(uuid.to_string());
fs::create_dir_all(&index_path)?;
// Error if the UUIDv4 somehow already exists in the map, since it should be fresh.
// This is very unlikely to happen in practice.
// TODO: it would be better to lazily create the index. But we need an Index::open function for milli.
let index = self.index_map.write().unwrap().create(
&uuid,
&index_path,
date,
self.enable_mdb_writemap,
self.index_base_map_size,
)?;
wtxn.commit()?;
Ok(index)
}
error => error,
}
}
/// Removes the index from the mapping table and the in-memory index map
/// but keeps the associated tasks.
pub fn delete_index(&self, mut wtxn: RwTxn, name: &str) -> Result<()> {
let uuid = self
.index_mapping
.get(&wtxn, name)?
.ok_or_else(|| Error::IndexNotFound(name.to_string()))?;
// Not an error if the index had no stats in cache.
self.index_stats.delete(&mut wtxn, &uuid)?;
// Once we retrieved the UUID of the index we remove it from the mapping table.
assert!(self.index_mapping.delete(&mut wtxn, name)?);
wtxn.commit()?;
let mut tries = 0;
// Attempts to remove the index from the in-memory index map in a loop.
//
// If the index is currently being closed, we will wait for it to be closed and retry getting it in a subsequent
// loop iteration.
//
// We make 100 attempts before giving up.
// This could happen in the following situations:
//
// 1. There is a bug preventing the index from being correctly closed, or us from detecting this.
// 2. A user of the index is keeping it open for more than 600 seconds. This could happen e.g. during a pathological search.
// This can not be caused by indexation because deleting an index happens in the scheduler itself, so cannot be concurrent with indexation.
//
// In these situations, reporting the error through a panic is in order.
let closing_event = loop {
let mut lock = self.index_map.write().unwrap();
match lock.start_deletion(&uuid) {
Ok(env_closing) => break env_closing,
Err(Some(reopen)) => {
// drop the lock here so that we don't synchronously wait for the index to close.
drop(lock);
tries += 1;
if tries >= 100 {
panic!("Too many attempts to close index {name} prior to deletion.")
}
let reopen = if let Some(reopen) = reopen.wait_timeout(Duration::from_secs(6)) {
reopen
} else {
continue;
};
reopen.close(&mut self.index_map.write().unwrap());
continue;
}
Err(None) => return Ok(()),
}
};
let index_map = self.index_map.clone();
let index_path = self.base_path.join(uuid.to_string());
let index_name = name.to_string();
thread::Builder::new()
.name(String::from("index_deleter"))
.spawn(move || {
// We first wait to be sure that the previously opened index is effectively closed.
// This can take a lot of time, this is why we do that in a separate thread.
if let Some(closing_event) = closing_event {
closing_event.wait();
}
// Then we remove the content from disk.
if let Err(e) = fs::remove_dir_all(&index_path) {
error!(
"An error happened when deleting the index {} ({}): {}",
index_name, uuid, e
);
}
// Finally we remove the entry from the index map.
index_map.write().unwrap().end_deletion(&uuid);
})
.unwrap();
Ok(())
}
pub fn exists(&self, rtxn: &RoTxn, name: &str) -> Result<bool> {
Ok(self.index_mapping.get(rtxn, name)?.is_some())
}
/// Resizes the maximum size of the specified index to the double of its current maximum size.
///
/// This operation involves closing the underlying environment and so can take a long time to complete.
///
/// # Panics
///
/// - If the Index corresponding to the passed name is concurrently being deleted/resized or cannot be found in the
/// in memory hash map.
pub fn resize_index(&self, rtxn: &RoTxn, name: &str) -> Result<()> {
let uuid = self
.index_mapping
.get(rtxn, name)?
.ok_or_else(|| Error::IndexNotFound(name.to_string()))?;
// We remove the index from the in-memory index map.
self.index_map.write().unwrap().close_for_resize(
&uuid,
self.enable_mdb_writemap,
self.index_growth_amount,
);
Ok(())
}
/// Return an index, may open it if it wasn't already opened.
pub fn index(&self, rtxn: &RoTxn, name: &str) -> Result<Index> {
if let Some((current_name, current_index)) =
self.currently_updating_index.read().unwrap().as_ref()
{
if current_name == name {
return Ok(current_index.clone());
}
}
let uuid = self
.index_mapping
.get(rtxn, name)?
.ok_or_else(|| Error::IndexNotFound(name.to_string()))?;
let mut tries = 0;
// attempts to open the index in a loop.
//
// If the index is currently being closed, we will wait for it to be closed and retry getting it in a subsequent
// loop iteration.
//
// We make 100 attempts before giving up.
// This could happen in the following situations:
//
// 1. There is a bug preventing the index from being correctly closed, or us from detecting it was.
// 2. A user of the index is keeping it open for more than 600 seconds. This could happen e.g. during a long indexation,
// a pathological search, and so on.
//
// In these situations, reporting the error through a panic is in order.
let index = loop {
tries += 1;
if tries > 100 {
panic!("Too many spurious wake ups while trying to open the index {name}");
}
// we get the index here to drop the lock before entering the match
let index = self.index_map.read().unwrap().get(&uuid);
match index {
Available(index) => break index,
Closing(reopen) => {
// Avoiding deadlocks: no lock taken while doing this operation.
let reopen = if let Some(reopen) = reopen.wait_timeout(Duration::from_secs(6)) {
reopen
} else {
continue;
};
let index_path = self.base_path.join(uuid.to_string());
// take the lock to reopen the environment.
reopen.reopen(&mut self.index_map.write().unwrap(), &index_path)?;
continue;
}
BeingDeleted => return Err(Error::IndexNotFound(name.to_string())),
// since we're lazy, it's possible that the index has not been opened yet.
Missing => {
let mut index_map = self.index_map.write().unwrap();
// between the read lock and the write lock it's not impossible
// that someone already opened the index (eg if two searches happen
// at the same time), thus before opening it we check a second time
// if it's not already there.
match index_map.get(&uuid) {
Missing => {
let index_path = self.base_path.join(uuid.to_string());
break index_map.create(
&uuid,
&index_path,
None,
self.enable_mdb_writemap,
self.index_base_map_size,
)?;
}
Available(index) => break index,
Closing(_) => {
// the reopening will be handled in the next loop operation
continue;
}
BeingDeleted => return Err(Error::IndexNotFound(name.to_string())),
}
}
}
};
Ok(index)
}
/// Attempts `f` for each index that exists in the index mapper.
///
/// It is preferable to use this function rather than a loop that opens all indexes, as a way to avoid having all indexes opened,
/// which is unsupported in general.
///
/// Since `f` is allowed to return a result, and `Index` is cloneable, it is still possible to wrongly build e.g. a vector of
/// all the indexes, but this function makes it harder and so less likely to do accidentally.
pub fn try_for_each_index<U, V>(
&self,
rtxn: &RoTxn,
mut f: impl FnMut(&str, &Index) -> Result<U>,
) -> Result<V>
where
V: FromIterator<U>,
{
self.index_mapping
.iter(rtxn)?
.map(|res| {
res.map_err(Error::from)
.and_then(|(name, _)| self.index(rtxn, name).and_then(|index| f(name, &index)))
})
.collect()
}
/// Return the name of all indexes without opening them.
pub fn index_names(&self, rtxn: &RoTxn) -> Result<Vec<String>> {
self.index_mapping
.iter(rtxn)?
.map(|res| res.map_err(Error::from).map(|(name, _)| name.to_string()))
.collect()
}
/// Swap two index names.
pub fn swap(&self, wtxn: &mut RwTxn, lhs: &str, rhs: &str) -> Result<()> {
let lhs_uuid = self
.index_mapping
.get(wtxn, lhs)?
.ok_or_else(|| Error::IndexNotFound(lhs.to_string()))?;
let rhs_uuid = self
.index_mapping
.get(wtxn, rhs)?
.ok_or_else(|| Error::IndexNotFound(rhs.to_string()))?;
self.index_mapping.put(wtxn, lhs, &rhs_uuid)?;
self.index_mapping.put(wtxn, rhs, &lhs_uuid)?;
Ok(())
}
/// The stats of an index.
///
/// If available in the cache, they are directly returned.
/// Otherwise, the `Index` is opened to compute the stats on the fly (the result is not cached).
/// The stats for an index are cached after each `Index` update.
pub fn stats_of(&self, rtxn: &RoTxn, index_uid: &str) -> Result<IndexStats> {
let uuid = self
.index_mapping
.get(rtxn, index_uid)?
.ok_or_else(|| Error::IndexNotFound(index_uid.to_string()))?;
match self.index_stats.get(rtxn, &uuid)? {
Some(stats) => Ok(stats),
None => {
let index = self.index(rtxn, index_uid)?;
let index_rtxn = index.read_txn()?;
IndexStats::new(&index, &index_rtxn)
}
}
}
/// Stores the new stats for an index.
///
/// Expected usage is to compute the stats the index using `IndexStats::new`, the pass it to this function.
pub fn store_stats_of(
&self,
wtxn: &mut RwTxn,
index_uid: &str,
stats: &IndexStats,
) -> Result<()> {
let uuid = self
.index_mapping
.get(wtxn, index_uid)?
.ok_or_else(|| Error::IndexNotFound(index_uid.to_string()))?;
self.index_stats.put(wtxn, &uuid, stats)?;
Ok(())
}
pub fn index_exists(&self, rtxn: &RoTxn, name: &str) -> Result<bool> {
Ok(self.index_mapping.get(rtxn, name)?.is_some())
}
pub fn indexer_config(&self) -> &IndexerConfig {
&self.indexer_config
}
pub fn set_currently_updating_index(&self, index: Option<(String, Index)>) {
*self.currently_updating_index.write().unwrap() = index;
}
}