diff --git a/meilisearch-types/src/document_formats.rs b/meilisearch-types/src/document_formats.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5a50bfc0f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/meilisearch-types/src/document_formats.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+use std::borrow::Borrow;
+use std::fmt::{self, Debug, Display};
+use std::io::{self, BufReader, Read, Seek, Write};
+
+use crate::error::{Code, ErrorCode};
+use crate::internal_error;
+use either::Either;
+use milli::documents::{DocumentsBatchBuilder, Error};
+use milli::Object;
+use serde::Deserialize;
+
+type Result<T> = std::result::Result<T, DocumentFormatError>;
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub enum PayloadType {
+    Ndjson,
+    Json,
+    Csv,
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for PayloadType {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+        match self {
+            PayloadType::Ndjson => f.write_str("ndjson"),
+            PayloadType::Json => f.write_str("json"),
+            PayloadType::Csv => f.write_str("csv"),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub enum DocumentFormatError {
+    Internal(Box<dyn std::error::Error + Send + Sync + 'static>),
+    MalformedPayload(Error, PayloadType),
+}
+
+impl Display for DocumentFormatError {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+        match self {
+            Self::Internal(e) => write!(f, "An internal error has occurred: `{}`.", e),
+            Self::MalformedPayload(me, b) => match me.borrow() {
+                Error::Json(se) => {
+                    // https://github.com/meilisearch/meilisearch/issues/2107
+                    // The user input maybe insanely long. We need to truncate it.
+                    let mut serde_msg = se.to_string();
+                    let ellipsis = "...";
+                    if serde_msg.len() > 100 + ellipsis.len() {
+                        serde_msg.replace_range(50..serde_msg.len() - 85, ellipsis);
+                    }
+
+                    write!(
+                        f,
+                        "The `{}` payload provided is malformed. `Couldn't serialize document value: {}`.",
+                        b, serde_msg
+                )
+                }
+                _ => write!(f, "The `{}` payload provided is malformed: `{}`.", b, me),
+            },
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl std::error::Error for DocumentFormatError {}
+
+impl From<(PayloadType, Error)> for DocumentFormatError {
+    fn from((ty, error): (PayloadType, Error)) -> Self {
+        match error {
+            Error::Io(e) => Self::Internal(Box::new(e)),
+            e => Self::MalformedPayload(e, ty),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl ErrorCode for DocumentFormatError {
+    fn error_code(&self) -> Code {
+        match self {
+            DocumentFormatError::Internal(_) => Code::Internal,
+            DocumentFormatError::MalformedPayload(_, _) => Code::MalformedPayload,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+internal_error!(DocumentFormatError: io::Error);
+
+/// Reads CSV from input and write an obkv batch to writer.
+pub fn read_csv(input: impl Read, writer: impl Write + Seek) -> Result<usize> {
+    let mut builder = DocumentsBatchBuilder::new(writer);
+
+    let csv = csv::Reader::from_reader(input);
+    builder.append_csv(csv).map_err(|e| (PayloadType::Csv, e))?;
+
+    let count = builder.documents_count();
+    let _ = builder
+        .into_inner()
+        .map_err(Into::into)
+        .map_err(DocumentFormatError::Internal)?;
+
+    Ok(count as usize)
+}
+
+/// Reads JSON Lines from input and write an obkv batch to writer.
+pub fn read_ndjson(input: impl Read, writer: impl Write + Seek) -> Result<usize> {
+    let mut builder = DocumentsBatchBuilder::new(writer);
+    let reader = BufReader::new(input);
+
+    for result in serde_json::Deserializer::from_reader(reader).into_iter() {
+        let object = result
+            .map_err(Error::Json)
+            .map_err(|e| (PayloadType::Ndjson, e))?;
+        builder
+            .append_json_object(&object)
+            .map_err(Into::into)
+            .map_err(DocumentFormatError::Internal)?;
+    }
+
+    let count = builder.documents_count();
+    let _ = builder
+        .into_inner()
+        .map_err(Into::into)
+        .map_err(DocumentFormatError::Internal)?;
+
+    Ok(count as usize)
+}
+
+/// Reads JSON from input and write an obkv batch to writer.
+pub fn read_json(input: impl Read, writer: impl Write + Seek) -> Result<usize> {
+    let mut builder = DocumentsBatchBuilder::new(writer);
+    let reader = BufReader::new(input);
+
+    #[derive(Deserialize, Debug)]
+    #[serde(transparent)]
+    struct ArrayOrSingleObject {
+        #[serde(with = "either::serde_untagged")]
+        inner: Either<Vec<Object>, Object>,
+    }
+
+    let content: ArrayOrSingleObject = serde_json::from_reader(reader)
+        .map_err(Error::Json)
+        .map_err(|e| (PayloadType::Json, e))?;
+
+    for object in content.inner.map_right(|o| vec![o]).into_inner() {
+        builder
+            .append_json_object(&object)
+            .map_err(Into::into)
+            .map_err(DocumentFormatError::Internal)?;
+    }
+
+    let count = builder.documents_count();
+    let _ = builder
+        .into_inner()
+        .map_err(Into::into)
+        .map_err(DocumentFormatError::Internal)?;
+
+    Ok(count as usize)
+}
diff --git a/meilisearch-types/src/settings.rs b/meilisearch-types/src/settings.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a6d13d99f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/meilisearch-types/src/settings.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,429 @@
+use std::collections::{BTreeMap, BTreeSet};
+use std::marker::PhantomData;
+use std::num::NonZeroUsize;
+
+use milli::update::Setting;
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize, Serializer};
+
+fn serialize_with_wildcard<S>(
+    field: &Setting<Vec<String>>,
+    s: S,
+) -> std::result::Result<S::Ok, S::Error>
+where
+    S: Serializer,
+{
+    let wildcard = vec!["*".to_string()];
+    match field {
+        Setting::Set(value) => Some(value),
+        Setting::Reset => Some(&wildcard),
+        Setting::NotSet => None,
+    }
+    .serialize(s)
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Default, Debug, Serialize, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct Checked;
+
+#[derive(Clone, Default, Debug, Serialize, Deserialize, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct Unchecked;
+
+#[cfg_attr(test, derive(proptest_derive::Arbitrary))]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default, Serialize, Deserialize, PartialEq)]
+#[serde(deny_unknown_fields)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct MinWordSizeTyposSetting {
+    #[cfg_attr(test, proptest(strategy = "test::setting_strategy()"))]
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Setting::is_not_set")]
+    pub one_typo: Setting<u8>,
+    #[cfg_attr(test, proptest(strategy = "test::setting_strategy()"))]
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Setting::is_not_set")]
+    pub two_typos: Setting<u8>,
+}
+
+#[cfg_attr(test, derive(proptest_derive::Arbitrary))]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default, Serialize, Deserialize, PartialEq)]
+#[serde(deny_unknown_fields)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct TypoSettings {
+    #[cfg_attr(test, proptest(strategy = "test::setting_strategy()"))]
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Setting::is_not_set")]
+    pub enabled: Setting<bool>,
+    #[cfg_attr(test, proptest(strategy = "test::setting_strategy()"))]
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Setting::is_not_set")]
+    pub min_word_size_for_typos: Setting<MinWordSizeTyposSetting>,
+    #[cfg_attr(test, proptest(strategy = "test::setting_strategy()"))]
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Setting::is_not_set")]
+    pub disable_on_words: Setting<BTreeSet<String>>,
+    #[cfg_attr(test, proptest(strategy = "test::setting_strategy()"))]
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Setting::is_not_set")]
+    pub disable_on_attributes: Setting<BTreeSet<String>>,
+}
+
+#[cfg_attr(test, derive(proptest_derive::Arbitrary))]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default, Serialize, Deserialize, PartialEq)]
+#[serde(deny_unknown_fields)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct FacetingSettings {
+    #[cfg_attr(test, proptest(strategy = "test::setting_strategy()"))]
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Setting::is_not_set")]
+    pub max_values_per_facet: Setting<usize>,
+}
+
+#[cfg_attr(test, derive(proptest_derive::Arbitrary))]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default, Serialize, Deserialize, PartialEq)]
+#[serde(deny_unknown_fields)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct PaginationSettings {
+    #[cfg_attr(test, proptest(strategy = "test::setting_strategy()"))]
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Setting::is_not_set")]
+    pub max_total_hits: Setting<usize>,
+}
+
+/// Holds all the settings for an index. `T` can either be `Checked` if they represents settings
+/// whose validity is guaranteed, or `Unchecked` if they need to be validated. In the later case, a
+/// call to `check` will return a `Settings<Checked>` from a `Settings<Unchecked>`.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default, Serialize, Deserialize, PartialEq)]
+#[serde(deny_unknown_fields)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+#[serde(bound(serialize = "T: Serialize", deserialize = "T: Deserialize<'static>"))]
+#[cfg_attr(test, derive(proptest_derive::Arbitrary))]
+pub struct Settings<T> {
+    #[serde(
+        default,
+        serialize_with = "serialize_with_wildcard",
+        skip_serializing_if = "Setting::is_not_set"
+    )]
+    #[cfg_attr(test, proptest(strategy = "test::setting_strategy()"))]
+    pub displayed_attributes: Setting<Vec<String>>,
+
+    #[serde(
+        default,
+        serialize_with = "serialize_with_wildcard",
+        skip_serializing_if = "Setting::is_not_set"
+    )]
+    #[cfg_attr(test, proptest(strategy = "test::setting_strategy()"))]
+    pub searchable_attributes: Setting<Vec<String>>,
+
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Setting::is_not_set")]
+    #[cfg_attr(test, proptest(strategy = "test::setting_strategy()"))]
+    pub filterable_attributes: Setting<BTreeSet<String>>,
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Setting::is_not_set")]
+    #[cfg_attr(test, proptest(strategy = "test::setting_strategy()"))]
+    pub sortable_attributes: Setting<BTreeSet<String>>,
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Setting::is_not_set")]
+    #[cfg_attr(test, proptest(strategy = "test::setting_strategy()"))]
+    pub ranking_rules: Setting<Vec<String>>,
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Setting::is_not_set")]
+    #[cfg_attr(test, proptest(strategy = "test::setting_strategy()"))]
+    pub stop_words: Setting<BTreeSet<String>>,
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Setting::is_not_set")]
+    #[cfg_attr(test, proptest(strategy = "test::setting_strategy()"))]
+    pub synonyms: Setting<BTreeMap<String, Vec<String>>>,
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Setting::is_not_set")]
+    #[cfg_attr(test, proptest(strategy = "test::setting_strategy()"))]
+    pub distinct_attribute: Setting<String>,
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Setting::is_not_set")]
+    #[cfg_attr(test, proptest(strategy = "test::setting_strategy()"))]
+    pub typo_tolerance: Setting<TypoSettings>,
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Setting::is_not_set")]
+    #[cfg_attr(test, proptest(strategy = "test::setting_strategy()"))]
+    pub faceting: Setting<FacetingSettings>,
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Setting::is_not_set")]
+    #[cfg_attr(test, proptest(strategy = "test::setting_strategy()"))]
+    pub pagination: Setting<PaginationSettings>,
+
+    #[serde(skip)]
+    pub _kind: PhantomData<T>,
+}
+
+impl Settings<Checked> {
+    pub fn cleared() -> Settings<Checked> {
+        Settings {
+            displayed_attributes: Setting::Reset,
+            searchable_attributes: Setting::Reset,
+            filterable_attributes: Setting::Reset,
+            sortable_attributes: Setting::Reset,
+            ranking_rules: Setting::Reset,
+            stop_words: Setting::Reset,
+            synonyms: Setting::Reset,
+            distinct_attribute: Setting::Reset,
+            typo_tolerance: Setting::Reset,
+            faceting: Setting::Reset,
+            pagination: Setting::Reset,
+            _kind: PhantomData,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn into_unchecked(self) -> Settings<Unchecked> {
+        let Self {
+            displayed_attributes,
+            searchable_attributes,
+            filterable_attributes,
+            sortable_attributes,
+            ranking_rules,
+            stop_words,
+            synonyms,
+            distinct_attribute,
+            typo_tolerance,
+            faceting,
+            pagination,
+            ..
+        } = self;
+
+        Settings {
+            displayed_attributes,
+            searchable_attributes,
+            filterable_attributes,
+            sortable_attributes,
+            ranking_rules,
+            stop_words,
+            synonyms,
+            distinct_attribute,
+            typo_tolerance,
+            faceting,
+            pagination,
+            _kind: PhantomData,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Settings<Unchecked> {
+    pub fn check(self) -> Settings<Checked> {
+        let displayed_attributes = match self.displayed_attributes {
+            Setting::Set(fields) => {
+                if fields.iter().any(|f| f == "*") {
+                    Setting::Reset
+                } else {
+                    Setting::Set(fields)
+                }
+            }
+            otherwise => otherwise,
+        };
+
+        let searchable_attributes = match self.searchable_attributes {
+            Setting::Set(fields) => {
+                if fields.iter().any(|f| f == "*") {
+                    Setting::Reset
+                } else {
+                    Setting::Set(fields)
+                }
+            }
+            otherwise => otherwise,
+        };
+
+        Settings {
+            displayed_attributes,
+            searchable_attributes,
+            filterable_attributes: self.filterable_attributes,
+            sortable_attributes: self.sortable_attributes,
+            ranking_rules: self.ranking_rules,
+            stop_words: self.stop_words,
+            synonyms: self.synonyms,
+            distinct_attribute: self.distinct_attribute,
+            typo_tolerance: self.typo_tolerance,
+            faceting: self.faceting,
+            pagination: self.pagination,
+            _kind: PhantomData,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(deny_unknown_fields)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct Facets {
+    pub level_group_size: Option<NonZeroUsize>,
+    pub min_level_size: Option<NonZeroUsize>,
+}
+
+pub fn apply_settings_to_builder(
+    settings: &Settings<Checked>,
+    builder: &mut milli::update::Settings,
+) {
+    match settings.searchable_attributes {
+        Setting::Set(ref names) => builder.set_searchable_fields(names.clone()),
+        Setting::Reset => builder.reset_searchable_fields(),
+        Setting::NotSet => (),
+    }
+
+    match settings.displayed_attributes {
+        Setting::Set(ref names) => builder.set_displayed_fields(names.clone()),
+        Setting::Reset => builder.reset_displayed_fields(),
+        Setting::NotSet => (),
+    }
+
+    match settings.filterable_attributes {
+        Setting::Set(ref facets) => {
+            builder.set_filterable_fields(facets.clone().into_iter().collect())
+        }
+        Setting::Reset => builder.reset_filterable_fields(),
+        Setting::NotSet => (),
+    }
+
+    match settings.sortable_attributes {
+        Setting::Set(ref fields) => builder.set_sortable_fields(fields.iter().cloned().collect()),
+        Setting::Reset => builder.reset_sortable_fields(),
+        Setting::NotSet => (),
+    }
+
+    match settings.ranking_rules {
+        Setting::Set(ref criteria) => builder.set_criteria(criteria.clone()),
+        Setting::Reset => builder.reset_criteria(),
+        Setting::NotSet => (),
+    }
+
+    match settings.stop_words {
+        Setting::Set(ref stop_words) => builder.set_stop_words(stop_words.clone()),
+        Setting::Reset => builder.reset_stop_words(),
+        Setting::NotSet => (),
+    }
+
+    match settings.synonyms {
+        Setting::Set(ref synonyms) => builder.set_synonyms(synonyms.clone().into_iter().collect()),
+        Setting::Reset => builder.reset_synonyms(),
+        Setting::NotSet => (),
+    }
+
+    match settings.distinct_attribute {
+        Setting::Set(ref attr) => builder.set_distinct_field(attr.clone()),
+        Setting::Reset => builder.reset_distinct_field(),
+        Setting::NotSet => (),
+    }
+
+    match settings.typo_tolerance {
+        Setting::Set(ref value) => {
+            match value.enabled {
+                Setting::Set(val) => builder.set_autorize_typos(val),
+                Setting::Reset => builder.reset_authorize_typos(),
+                Setting::NotSet => (),
+            }
+
+            match value.min_word_size_for_typos {
+                Setting::Set(ref setting) => {
+                    match setting.one_typo {
+                        Setting::Set(val) => builder.set_min_word_len_one_typo(val),
+                        Setting::Reset => builder.reset_min_word_len_one_typo(),
+                        Setting::NotSet => (),
+                    }
+                    match setting.two_typos {
+                        Setting::Set(val) => builder.set_min_word_len_two_typos(val),
+                        Setting::Reset => builder.reset_min_word_len_two_typos(),
+                        Setting::NotSet => (),
+                    }
+                }
+                Setting::Reset => {
+                    builder.reset_min_word_len_one_typo();
+                    builder.reset_min_word_len_two_typos();
+                }
+                Setting::NotSet => (),
+            }
+
+            match value.disable_on_words {
+                Setting::Set(ref words) => {
+                    builder.set_exact_words(words.clone());
+                }
+                Setting::Reset => builder.reset_exact_words(),
+                Setting::NotSet => (),
+            }
+
+            match value.disable_on_attributes {
+                Setting::Set(ref words) => {
+                    builder.set_exact_attributes(words.iter().cloned().collect())
+                }
+                Setting::Reset => builder.reset_exact_attributes(),
+                Setting::NotSet => (),
+            }
+        }
+        Setting::Reset => {
+            // all typo settings need to be reset here.
+            builder.reset_authorize_typos();
+            builder.reset_min_word_len_one_typo();
+            builder.reset_min_word_len_two_typos();
+            builder.reset_exact_words();
+            builder.reset_exact_attributes();
+        }
+        Setting::NotSet => (),
+    }
+
+    match settings.faceting {
+        Setting::Set(ref value) => match value.max_values_per_facet {
+            Setting::Set(val) => builder.set_max_values_per_facet(val),
+            Setting::Reset => builder.reset_max_values_per_facet(),
+            Setting::NotSet => (),
+        },
+        Setting::Reset => builder.reset_max_values_per_facet(),
+        Setting::NotSet => (),
+    }
+
+    match settings.pagination {
+        Setting::Set(ref value) => match value.max_total_hits {
+            Setting::Set(val) => builder.set_pagination_max_total_hits(val),
+            Setting::Reset => builder.reset_pagination_max_total_hits(),
+            Setting::NotSet => (),
+        },
+        Setting::Reset => builder.reset_pagination_max_total_hits(),
+        Setting::NotSet => (),
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+pub(crate) mod test {
+    use proptest::prelude::*;
+
+    use super::*;
+
+    pub(super) fn setting_strategy<T: Arbitrary + Clone>() -> impl Strategy<Value = Setting<T>> {
+        prop_oneof![
+            Just(Setting::NotSet),
+            Just(Setting::Reset),
+            any::<T>().prop_map(Setting::Set)
+        ]
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_setting_check() {
+        // test no changes
+        let settings = Settings {
+            displayed_attributes: Setting::Set(vec![String::from("hello")]),
+            searchable_attributes: Setting::Set(vec![String::from("hello")]),
+            filterable_attributes: Setting::NotSet,
+            sortable_attributes: Setting::NotSet,
+            ranking_rules: Setting::NotSet,
+            stop_words: Setting::NotSet,
+            synonyms: Setting::NotSet,
+            distinct_attribute: Setting::NotSet,
+            typo_tolerance: Setting::NotSet,
+            faceting: Setting::NotSet,
+            pagination: Setting::NotSet,
+            _kind: PhantomData::<Unchecked>,
+        };
+
+        let checked = settings.clone().check();
+        assert_eq!(settings.displayed_attributes, checked.displayed_attributes);
+        assert_eq!(
+            settings.searchable_attributes,
+            checked.searchable_attributes
+        );
+
+        // test wildcard
+        // test no changes
+        let settings = Settings {
+            displayed_attributes: Setting::Set(vec![String::from("*")]),
+            searchable_attributes: Setting::Set(vec![String::from("hello"), String::from("*")]),
+            filterable_attributes: Setting::NotSet,
+            sortable_attributes: Setting::NotSet,
+            ranking_rules: Setting::NotSet,
+            stop_words: Setting::NotSet,
+            synonyms: Setting::NotSet,
+            distinct_attribute: Setting::NotSet,
+            typo_tolerance: Setting::NotSet,
+            faceting: Setting::NotSet,
+            pagination: Setting::NotSet,
+            _kind: PhantomData::<Unchecked>,
+        };
+
+        let checked = settings.check();
+        assert_eq!(checked.displayed_attributes, Setting::Reset);
+        assert_eq!(checked.searchable_attributes, Setting::Reset);
+    }
+}