diff --git a/crates/meilitool/src/upgrade/mod.rs b/crates/meilitool/src/upgrade/mod.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ae095b6bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/meilitool/src/upgrade/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+mod v1_10;
+mod v1_11;
+mod v1_9;
+
+use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
+
+use anyhow::{bail, Context};
+use meilisearch_types::versioning::create_version_file;
+
+use v1_10::v1_9_to_v1_10;
+
+use crate::upgrade::v1_11::v1_10_to_v1_11;
+
+pub struct OfflineUpgrade {
+    pub db_path: PathBuf,
+    pub current_version: (String, String, String),
+    pub target_version: (String, String, String),
+}
+
+impl OfflineUpgrade {
+    pub fn upgrade(self) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        let upgrade_list = [
+            (v1_9_to_v1_10 as fn(&Path) -> Result<(), anyhow::Error>, "1", "10", "0"),
+            (v1_10_to_v1_11, "1", "11", "0"),
+        ];
+
+        let (current_major, current_minor, current_patch) = &self.current_version;
+
+        let start_at = match (
+            current_major.as_str(),
+            current_minor.as_str(),
+            current_patch.as_str(),
+        ) {
+            ("1", "9", _) => 0,
+            ("1", "10", _) => 1,
+            _ => {
+                bail!("Unsupported current version {current_major}.{current_minor}.{current_patch}. Can only upgrade from v1.9")
+            }
+        };
+
+        let (target_major, target_minor, target_patch) = &self.target_version;
+
+        let ends_at = match (target_major.as_str(), target_minor.as_str(), target_patch.as_str()) {
+            ("1", "10", _) => 0,
+            ("1", "11", _) => 1,
+            (major, _, _) if major.starts_with('v') => {
+                bail!("Target version must not starts with a `v`. Instead of writing `v1.9.0` write `1.9.0` for example.")
+            }
+            _ => {
+                bail!("Unsupported target version {target_major}.{target_minor}.{target_patch}. Can only upgrade to v1.11")
+            }
+        };
+
+        println!("Starting the upgrade from {current_major}.{current_minor}.{current_patch} to {target_major}.{target_minor}.{target_patch}");
+
+        #[allow(clippy::needless_range_loop)]
+        for index in start_at..=ends_at {
+            let (func, major, minor, patch) = upgrade_list[index];
+            (func)(&self.db_path)?;
+            println!("Done");
+            // We're writing the version file just in case an issue arise _while_ upgrading.
+            // We don't want the DB to fail in an unknown state.
+            println!("Writing VERSION file");
+
+            create_version_file(&self.db_path, major, minor, patch)
+                .context("while writing VERSION file after the upgrade")?;
+        }
+
+        println!("Success");
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
diff --git a/crates/meilitool/src/upgrade/v1_10.rs b/crates/meilitool/src/upgrade/v1_10.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..671f4d6d2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/meilitool/src/upgrade/v1_10.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,289 @@
+use anyhow::bail;
+use std::path::Path;
+
+use anyhow::Context;
+use meilisearch_types::{
+    heed::{
+        types::{SerdeJson, Str},
+        Database, Env, EnvOpenOptions, RoTxn, RwTxn, Unspecified,
+    },
+    milli::index::{db_name, main_key},
+};
+
+use crate::{try_opening_database, try_opening_poly_database, uuid_codec::UuidCodec};
+
+use super::v1_9;
+
+pub type FieldDistribution = std::collections::BTreeMap<String, u64>;
+
+/// The statistics that can be computed from an `Index` object.
+#[derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize, Debug)]
+pub struct IndexStats {
+    /// Number of documents in the index.
+    pub number_of_documents: u64,
+    /// Size taken up by the index' DB, in bytes.
+    ///
+    /// This includes the size taken by both the used and free pages of the DB, and as the free pages
+    /// are not returned to the disk after a deletion, this number is typically larger than
+    /// `used_database_size` that only includes the size of the used pages.
+    pub database_size: u64,
+    /// Size taken by the used pages of the index' DB, in bytes.
+    ///
+    /// As the DB backend does not return to the disk the pages that are not currently used by the DB,
+    /// this value is typically smaller than `database_size`.
+    pub used_database_size: u64,
+    /// Association of every field name with the number of times it occurs in the documents.
+    pub field_distribution: FieldDistribution,
+    /// Creation date of the index.
+    #[serde(with = "time::serde::rfc3339")]
+    pub created_at: time::OffsetDateTime,
+    /// Date of the last update of the index.
+    #[serde(with = "time::serde::rfc3339")]
+    pub updated_at: time::OffsetDateTime,
+}
+
+impl From<v1_9::IndexStats> for IndexStats {
+    fn from(
+        v1_9::IndexStats {
+            number_of_documents,
+            database_size,
+            used_database_size,
+            field_distribution,
+            created_at,
+            updated_at,
+        }: v1_9::IndexStats,
+    ) -> Self {
+        IndexStats {
+            number_of_documents,
+            database_size,
+            used_database_size,
+            field_distribution,
+            created_at: created_at.0,
+            updated_at: updated_at.0,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize)]
+#[serde(transparent)]
+pub struct OffsetDateTime(#[serde(with = "time::serde::rfc3339")] pub time::OffsetDateTime);
+
+fn update_index_stats(
+    index_stats: Database<UuidCodec, Unspecified>,
+    index_uid: &str,
+    index_uuid: uuid::Uuid,
+    sched_wtxn: &mut RwTxn,
+) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+    let ctx = || format!("while updating index stats for index `{index_uid}`");
+
+    let stats: Option<&str> = index_stats
+        .remap_data_type::<Str>()
+        .get(sched_wtxn, &index_uuid)
+        .with_context(ctx)
+        .with_context(|| "While reading value")?;
+    dbg!(stats);
+
+    let stats: Option<v1_9::IndexStats> = index_stats
+        .remap_data_type::<SerdeJson<v1_9::IndexStats>>()
+        .get(sched_wtxn, &index_uuid)
+        .with_context(ctx)
+        .with_context(|| "While reading value")?;
+
+    if let Some(stats) = stats {
+        let stats: self::IndexStats = stats.into();
+
+        index_stats
+            .remap_data_type::<SerdeJson<self::IndexStats>>()
+            .put(sched_wtxn, &index_uuid, &stats)
+            .with_context(ctx)
+            .with_context(|| "While writing value")?;
+    }
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+fn update_date_format(
+    index_uid: &str,
+    index_env: &Env,
+    index_wtxn: &mut RwTxn,
+) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+    let main = try_opening_poly_database(index_env, index_wtxn, db_name::MAIN)
+        .with_context(|| format!("while updating date format for index `{index_uid}`"))?;
+
+    date_round_trip(index_wtxn, index_uid, main, main_key::CREATED_AT_KEY)?;
+    date_round_trip(index_wtxn, index_uid, main, main_key::UPDATED_AT_KEY)?;
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+fn find_rest_embedders(
+    index_uid: &str,
+    index_env: &Env,
+    index_txn: &RoTxn,
+) -> anyhow::Result<Vec<String>> {
+    let main = try_opening_poly_database(index_env, index_txn, db_name::MAIN)
+        .with_context(|| format!("while checking REST embedders for index `{index_uid}`"))?;
+
+    let mut rest_embedders = vec![];
+
+    for config in main
+        .remap_types::<Str, SerdeJson<Vec<v1_9::IndexEmbeddingConfig>>>()
+        .get(index_txn, main_key::EMBEDDING_CONFIGS)?
+        .unwrap_or_default()
+    {
+        if let v1_9::EmbedderOptions::Rest(_) = config.config.embedder_options {
+            rest_embedders.push(config.name);
+        }
+    }
+
+    Ok(rest_embedders)
+}
+
+fn date_round_trip(
+    wtxn: &mut RwTxn,
+    index_uid: &str,
+    db: Database<Unspecified, Unspecified>,
+    key: &str,
+) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+    let datetime =
+        db.remap_types::<Str, SerdeJson<v1_9::LegacyTime>>().get(wtxn, key).with_context(|| {
+            format!("could not read `{key}` while updating date format for index `{index_uid}`")
+        })?;
+
+    if let Some(datetime) = datetime {
+        db.remap_types::<Str, SerdeJson<self::OffsetDateTime>>()
+            .put(wtxn, key, &self::OffsetDateTime(datetime.0))
+            .with_context(|| {
+                format!(
+                    "could not write `{key}` while updating date format for index `{index_uid}`"
+                )
+            })?;
+    }
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+pub fn v1_9_to_v1_10(db_path: &Path) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+    println!("Upgrading from v1.9.0 to v1.10.0");
+    // 2 changes here
+
+    // 1. date format. needs to be done before opening the Index
+    // 2. REST embedders. We don't support this case right now, so bail
+
+    let index_scheduler_path = db_path.join("tasks");
+    let env = unsafe { EnvOpenOptions::new().max_dbs(100).open(&index_scheduler_path) }
+        .with_context(|| format!("While trying to open {:?}", index_scheduler_path.display()))?;
+
+    let mut sched_wtxn = env.write_txn()?;
+
+    let index_mapping: Database<Str, UuidCodec> =
+        try_opening_database(&env, &sched_wtxn, "index-mapping")?;
+
+    let index_stats: Database<UuidCodec, Unspecified> =
+        try_opening_database(&env, &sched_wtxn, "index-stats").with_context(|| {
+            format!("While trying to open {:?}", index_scheduler_path.display())
+        })?;
+
+    let index_count =
+        index_mapping.len(&sched_wtxn).context("while reading the number of indexes")?;
+
+    // FIXME: not ideal, we have to pre-populate all indexes to prevent double borrow of sched_wtxn
+    // 1. immutably for the iteration
+    // 2. mutably for updating index stats
+    let indexes: Vec<_> = index_mapping
+        .iter(&sched_wtxn)?
+        .map(|res| res.map(|(uid, uuid)| (uid.to_owned(), uuid)))
+        .collect();
+
+    let mut rest_embedders = Vec::new();
+
+    let mut unwrapped_indexes = Vec::new();
+
+    // check that update can take place
+    for (index_index, result) in indexes.into_iter().enumerate() {
+        let (uid, uuid) = result?;
+        let index_path = db_path.join("indexes").join(uuid.to_string());
+
+        println!(
+            "[{}/{index_count}]Checking that update can take place for  `{uid}` at `{}`",
+            index_index + 1,
+            index_path.display()
+        );
+
+        let index_env = unsafe {
+            // FIXME: fetch the 25 magic number from the index file
+            EnvOpenOptions::new().max_dbs(25).open(&index_path).with_context(|| {
+                format!("while opening index {uid} at '{}'", index_path.display())
+            })?
+        };
+
+        let index_txn = index_env.read_txn().with_context(|| {
+            format!(
+                "while obtaining a write transaction for index {uid} at {}",
+                index_path.display()
+            )
+        })?;
+
+        println!("\t- Checking for incompatible embedders (REST embedders)");
+        let rest_embedders_for_index = find_rest_embedders(&uid, &index_env, &index_txn)?;
+
+        if rest_embedders_for_index.is_empty() {
+            unwrapped_indexes.push((uid, uuid));
+        } else {
+            // no need to add to unwrapped indexes because we'll exit early
+            rest_embedders.push((uid, rest_embedders_for_index));
+        }
+    }
+
+    if !rest_embedders.is_empty() {
+        let rest_embedders = rest_embedders
+            .into_iter()
+            .flat_map(|(index, embedders)| std::iter::repeat(index.clone()).zip(embedders))
+            .map(|(index, embedder)| format!("\t- embedder `{embedder}` in index `{index}`"))
+            .collect::<Vec<_>>()
+            .join("\n");
+        bail!("The update cannot take place because there are REST embedder(s). Remove them before proceeding with the update:\n{rest_embedders}\n\n\
+            The database has not been modified and is still a valid v1.9 database.");
+    }
+
+    println!("Update can take place, updating");
+
+    for (index_index, (uid, uuid)) in unwrapped_indexes.into_iter().enumerate() {
+        let index_path = db_path.join("indexes").join(uuid.to_string());
+
+        println!(
+            "[{}/{index_count}]Updating index `{uid}` at `{}`",
+            index_index + 1,
+            index_path.display()
+        );
+
+        let index_env = unsafe {
+            // FIXME: fetch the 25 magic number from the index file
+            EnvOpenOptions::new().max_dbs(25).open(&index_path).with_context(|| {
+                format!("while opening index {uid} at '{}'", index_path.display())
+            })?
+        };
+
+        let mut index_wtxn = index_env.write_txn().with_context(|| {
+            format!(
+                "while obtaining a write transaction for index `{uid}` at `{}`",
+                index_path.display()
+            )
+        })?;
+
+        println!("\t- Updating index stats");
+        update_index_stats(index_stats, &uid, uuid, &mut sched_wtxn)?;
+        println!("\t- Updating date format");
+        update_date_format(&uid, &index_env, &mut index_wtxn)?;
+
+        index_wtxn.commit().with_context(|| {
+            format!("while committing the write txn for index `{uid}` at {}", index_path.display())
+        })?;
+    }
+
+    sched_wtxn.commit().context("while committing the write txn for the index-scheduler")?;
+
+    println!("Upgrading database succeeded");
+
+    Ok(())
+}
diff --git a/crates/meilitool/src/upgrade/v1_11.rs b/crates/meilitool/src/upgrade/v1_11.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4105879fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/meilitool/src/upgrade/v1_11.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+//! The breaking changes that happened between the v1.10 and the v1.11 are:
+//! - Arroy went from the v0.4.0 to the v0.5.0, see this release note to get the whole context: https://github.com/meilisearch/arroy/releases/tag/v0.5.0
+//!   - The `angular` distance has been renamed to `cosine` => We only need to update the string in the metadata.
+//!   - Reorganize the `NodeId` to make the appending of vectors work => We'll have to update the keys of almost all items in the DB.
+//!   - Store the list of updated IDs directly in LMDB instead of a roaring bitmap => This shouldn't be an issue since we are never supposed to commit this roaring bitmap, but it's not forbidden by arroy so ensuring it works is probably better than anything.
+
+use std::path::Path;
+
+use anyhow::Context;
+use meilisearch_types::{
+    heed::{types::Str, Database, EnvOpenOptions},
+    milli::index::db_name,
+};
+
+use crate::{try_opening_database, try_opening_poly_database, uuid_codec::UuidCodec};
+
+pub fn v1_10_to_v1_11(db_path: &Path) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+    println!("Upgrading from v1.10.0 to v1.11.0");
+
+    let index_scheduler_path = db_path.join("tasks");
+    let env = unsafe { EnvOpenOptions::new().max_dbs(100).open(&index_scheduler_path) }
+        .with_context(|| format!("While trying to open {:?}", index_scheduler_path.display()))?;
+
+    let sched_rtxn = env.read_txn()?;
+
+    let index_mapping: Database<Str, UuidCodec> =
+        try_opening_database(&env, &sched_rtxn, "index-mapping")?;
+
+    let index_count =
+        index_mapping.len(&sched_rtxn).context("while reading the number of indexes")?;
+
+    let indexes: Vec<_> = index_mapping
+        .iter(&sched_rtxn)?
+        .map(|res| res.map(|(uid, uuid)| (uid.to_owned(), uuid)))
+        .collect();
+
+    // check that update can take place
+    for (index_index, result) in indexes.into_iter().enumerate() {
+        let (uid, uuid) = result?;
+        let index_path = db_path.join("indexes").join(uuid.to_string());
+
+        println!(
+            "[{}/{index_count}]Checking that update can take place for  `{uid}` at `{}`",
+            index_index + 1,
+            index_path.display()
+        );
+
+        let index_env = unsafe {
+            EnvOpenOptions::new().max_dbs(25).open(&index_path).with_context(|| {
+                format!("while opening index {uid} at '{}'", index_path.display())
+            })?
+        };
+
+        let index_rtxn = index_env.read_txn().with_context(|| {
+            format!(
+                "while obtaining a read transaction for index {uid} at {}",
+                index_path.display()
+            )
+        })?;
+        let index_read_database =
+            try_opening_poly_database(&index_env, &index_rtxn, db_name::VECTOR_ARROY)
+                .with_context(|| format!("while updating date format for index `{uid}`"))?;
+
+        let mut index_wtxn = index_env.write_txn().with_context(|| {
+            format!(
+                "while obtaining a write transaction for index {uid} at {}",
+                index_path.display()
+            )
+        })?;
+
+        let index_write_database =
+            try_opening_poly_database(&index_env, &index_wtxn, db_name::VECTOR_ARROY)
+                .with_context(|| format!("while updating date format for index `{uid}`"))?;
+
+        arroy_v04_to_v05::ugrade_from_prev_version(
+            &index_rtxn,
+            index_read_database,
+            &mut index_wtxn,
+            index_write_database,
+        )?;
+
+        index_wtxn.commit()?;
+    }
+
+    Ok(())
+}
diff --git a/crates/meilitool/src/upgrade/v1_9.rs b/crates/meilitool/src/upgrade/v1_9.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3e6cfde6c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/meilitool/src/upgrade/v1_9.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use time::OffsetDateTime;
+
+pub type FieldDistribution = std::collections::BTreeMap<String, u64>;
+
+/// The statistics that can be computed from an `Index` object.
+#[derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize, Debug)]
+pub struct IndexStats {
+    /// Number of documents in the index.
+    pub number_of_documents: u64,
+    /// Size taken up by the index' DB, in bytes.
+    ///
+    /// This includes the size taken by both the used and free pages of the DB, and as the free pages
+    /// are not returned to the disk after a deletion, this number is typically larger than
+    /// `used_database_size` that only includes the size of the used pages.
+    pub database_size: u64,
+    /// Size taken by the used pages of the index' DB, in bytes.
+    ///
+    /// As the DB backend does not return to the disk the pages that are not currently used by the DB,
+    /// this value is typically smaller than `database_size`.
+    pub used_database_size: u64,
+    /// Association of every field name with the number of times it occurs in the documents.
+    pub field_distribution: FieldDistribution,
+    /// Creation date of the index.
+    pub created_at: LegacyTime,
+    /// Date of the last update of the index.
+    pub updated_at: LegacyTime,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Deserialize, Serialize)]
+pub struct IndexEmbeddingConfig {
+    pub name: String,
+    pub config: EmbeddingConfig,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default, serde::Deserialize, serde::Serialize)]
+pub struct EmbeddingConfig {
+    /// Options of the embedder, specific to each kind of embedder
+    pub embedder_options: EmbedderOptions,
+}
+
+/// Options of an embedder, specific to each kind of embedder.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Hash, PartialEq, Eq, serde::Deserialize, serde::Serialize)]
+pub enum EmbedderOptions {
+    HuggingFace(hf::EmbedderOptions),
+    OpenAi(openai::EmbedderOptions),
+    Ollama(ollama::EmbedderOptions),
+    UserProvided(manual::EmbedderOptions),
+    Rest(rest::EmbedderOptions),
+}
+
+impl Default for EmbedderOptions {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self::OpenAi(openai::EmbedderOptions { api_key: None, dimensions: None })
+    }
+}
+
+mod hf {
+    #[derive(Debug, Clone, Hash, PartialEq, Eq, serde::Deserialize, serde::Serialize)]
+    pub struct EmbedderOptions {
+        pub model: String,
+        pub revision: Option<String>,
+    }
+}
+mod openai {
+
+    #[derive(Debug, Clone, Hash, PartialEq, Eq, serde::Deserialize, serde::Serialize)]
+    pub struct EmbedderOptions {
+        pub api_key: Option<String>,
+        pub dimensions: Option<usize>,
+    }
+}
+mod ollama {
+    #[derive(Debug, Clone, Hash, PartialEq, Eq, serde::Deserialize, serde::Serialize)]
+    pub struct EmbedderOptions {
+        pub embedding_model: String,
+        pub url: Option<String>,
+        pub api_key: Option<String>,
+    }
+}
+mod manual {
+    #[derive(Debug, Clone, Hash, PartialEq, Eq, serde::Deserialize, serde::Serialize)]
+    pub struct EmbedderOptions {
+        pub dimensions: usize,
+    }
+}
+mod rest {
+    #[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, serde::Deserialize, serde::Serialize, Hash)]
+    pub struct EmbedderOptions {
+        pub api_key: Option<String>,
+        pub dimensions: Option<usize>,
+        pub url: String,
+        pub input_field: Vec<String>,
+        // path to the array of embeddings
+        pub path_to_embeddings: Vec<String>,
+        // shape of a single embedding
+        pub embedding_object: Vec<String>,
+    }
+}
+
+// 2024-11-04 13:32:08.48368 +00:00:00
+time::serde::format_description!(legacy_datetime, OffsetDateTime, "[year]-[month]-[day] [hour]:[minute]:[second].[subsecond] [offset_hour sign:mandatory]:[offset_minute]:[offset_second]");
+
+#[derive(Debug, serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize)]
+#[serde(transparent)]
+pub struct LegacyTime(#[serde(with = "legacy_datetime")] pub OffsetDateTime);