diff --git a/milli/examples/search.rs b/milli/examples/search.rs
index 829cb6244..87c9a004d 100644
--- a/milli/examples/search.rs
+++ b/milli/examples/search.rs
@@ -57,7 +57,6 @@ fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> {
                 false,
                 &None,
                 &None,
-                None,
                 GeoSortStrategy::default(),
                 0,
                 20,
diff --git a/milli/src/search/mod.rs b/milli/src/search/mod.rs
index 2f97143cc..baa391660 100644
--- a/milli/src/search/mod.rs
+++ b/milli/src/search/mod.rs
@@ -117,6 +117,11 @@ impl<'a> Search<'a> {
 
     pub fn execute(&self) -> Result<SearchResult> {
         let mut ctx = SearchContext::new(self.index, self.rtxn);
+
+        if let Some(searchable_attributes) = self.searchable_attributes {
+            ctx.searchable_attributes(searchable_attributes)?;
+        }
+
         let PartialSearchResult { located_query_terms, candidates, documents_ids, document_scores } =
             execute_search(
                 &mut ctx,
@@ -126,7 +131,6 @@ impl<'a> Search<'a> {
                 self.exhaustive_number_hits,
                 &self.filter,
                 &self.sort_criteria,
-                self.searchable_attributes,
                 self.geo_strategy,
                 self.offset,
                 self.limit,
diff --git a/milli/src/search/new/db_cache.rs b/milli/src/search/new/db_cache.rs
index 90c604d72..2b2cd4d79 100644
--- a/milli/src/search/new/db_cache.rs
+++ b/milli/src/search/new/db_cache.rs
@@ -4,12 +4,13 @@ use std::hash::Hash;
 
 use fxhash::FxHashMap;
 use heed::types::ByteSlice;
-use heed::{BytesDecode, BytesEncode, Database, RoTxn};
+use heed::{BytesEncode, Database, RoTxn};
 use roaring::RoaringBitmap;
 
 use super::interner::Interned;
 use super::Word;
-use crate::heed_codec::StrBEU16Codec;
+use crate::heed_codec::{BytesDecodeOwned, StrBEU16Codec};
+use crate::update::MergeFn;
 use crate::{
     CboRoaringBitmapCodec, CboRoaringBitmapLenCodec, Result, RoaringBitmapCodec, SearchContext,
 };
@@ -22,48 +23,106 @@ use crate::{
 #[derive(Default)]
 pub struct DatabaseCache<'ctx> {
     pub word_pair_proximity_docids:
-        FxHashMap<(u8, Interned<String>, Interned<String>), Option<&'ctx [u8]>>,
+        FxHashMap<(u8, Interned<String>, Interned<String>), Option<Cow<'ctx, [u8]>>>,
     pub word_prefix_pair_proximity_docids:
-        FxHashMap<(u8, Interned<String>, Interned<String>), Option<&'ctx [u8]>>,
+        FxHashMap<(u8, Interned<String>, Interned<String>), Option<Cow<'ctx, [u8]>>>,
     pub prefix_word_pair_proximity_docids:
-        FxHashMap<(u8, Interned<String>, Interned<String>), Option<&'ctx [u8]>>,
-    pub word_docids: FxHashMap<Interned<String>, Option<&'ctx [u8]>>,
-    pub exact_word_docids: FxHashMap<Interned<String>, Option<&'ctx [u8]>>,
-    pub word_prefix_docids: FxHashMap<Interned<String>, Option<&'ctx [u8]>>,
-    pub exact_word_prefix_docids: FxHashMap<Interned<String>, Option<&'ctx [u8]>>,
+        FxHashMap<(u8, Interned<String>, Interned<String>), Option<Cow<'ctx, [u8]>>>,
+    pub word_docids: FxHashMap<Interned<String>, Option<Cow<'ctx, [u8]>>>,
+    pub exact_word_docids: FxHashMap<Interned<String>, Option<Cow<'ctx, [u8]>>>,
+    pub word_prefix_docids: FxHashMap<Interned<String>, Option<Cow<'ctx, [u8]>>>,
+    pub exact_word_prefix_docids: FxHashMap<Interned<String>, Option<Cow<'ctx, [u8]>>>,
 
     pub words_fst: Option<fst::Set<Cow<'ctx, [u8]>>>,
-    pub word_position_docids: FxHashMap<(Interned<String>, u16), Option<&'ctx [u8]>>,
-    pub word_prefix_position_docids: FxHashMap<(Interned<String>, u16), Option<&'ctx [u8]>>,
+    pub word_position_docids: FxHashMap<(Interned<String>, u16), Option<Cow<'ctx, [u8]>>>,
+    pub word_prefix_position_docids: FxHashMap<(Interned<String>, u16), Option<Cow<'ctx, [u8]>>>,
     pub word_positions: FxHashMap<Interned<String>, Vec<u16>>,
     pub word_prefix_positions: FxHashMap<Interned<String>, Vec<u16>>,
 
-    pub word_fid_docids: FxHashMap<(Interned<String>, u16), Option<&'ctx [u8]>>,
-    pub word_prefix_fid_docids: FxHashMap<(Interned<String>, u16), Option<&'ctx [u8]>>,
+    pub word_fid_docids: FxHashMap<(Interned<String>, u16), Option<Cow<'ctx, [u8]>>>,
+    pub word_prefix_fid_docids: FxHashMap<(Interned<String>, u16), Option<Cow<'ctx, [u8]>>>,
     pub word_fids: FxHashMap<Interned<String>, Vec<u16>>,
     pub word_prefix_fids: FxHashMap<Interned<String>, Vec<u16>>,
 }
 impl<'ctx> DatabaseCache<'ctx> {
-    fn get_value<'v, K1, KC>(
+    fn get_value<'v, K1, KC, DC>(
         txn: &'ctx RoTxn,
         cache_key: K1,
         db_key: &'v KC::EItem,
-        cache: &mut FxHashMap<K1, Option<&'ctx [u8]>>,
+        cache: &mut FxHashMap<K1, Option<Cow<'ctx, [u8]>>>,
         db: Database<KC, ByteSlice>,
-    ) -> Result<Option<&'ctx [u8]>>
+    ) -> Result<Option<DC::DItem>>
     where
         K1: Copy + Eq + Hash,
         KC: BytesEncode<'v>,
+        DC: BytesDecodeOwned,
     {
-        let bitmap_ptr = match cache.entry(cache_key) {
-            Entry::Occupied(bitmap_ptr) => *bitmap_ptr.get(),
+        match cache.entry(cache_key) {
+            Entry::Occupied(_) => {}
             Entry::Vacant(entry) => {
-                let bitmap_ptr = db.get(txn, db_key)?;
+                let bitmap_ptr = db.get(txn, db_key)?.map(Cow::Borrowed);
+                entry.insert(bitmap_ptr);
+            }
+        }
+
+        match cache.get(&cache_key).unwrap() {
+            Some(Cow::Borrowed(bytes)) => {
+                DC::bytes_decode_owned(bytes).ok_or(heed::Error::Decoding.into()).map(Some)
+            }
+            Some(Cow::Owned(bytes)) => {
+                DC::bytes_decode_owned(bytes).ok_or(heed::Error::Decoding.into()).map(Some)
+            }
+            None => Ok(None),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn get_value_from_keys<'v, K1, KC, DC>(
+        txn: &'ctx RoTxn,
+        cache_key: K1,
+        db_keys: &[&'v KC::EItem],
+        cache: &mut FxHashMap<K1, Option<Cow<'ctx, [u8]>>>,
+        db: Database<KC, ByteSlice>,
+        merger: MergeFn,
+    ) -> Result<Option<DC::DItem>>
+    where
+        K1: Copy + Eq + Hash,
+        KC: BytesEncode<'v>,
+        DC: BytesDecodeOwned,
+    {
+        match cache.entry(cache_key) {
+            Entry::Occupied(_) => {}
+            Entry::Vacant(entry) => {
+                let bitmap_ptr: Option<Cow<'ctx, [u8]>> = match db_keys {
+                    [] => None,
+                    [key] => db.get(txn, key)?.map(Cow::Borrowed),
+                    keys => {
+                        let bitmaps = keys
+                            .into_iter()
+                            .filter_map(|key| db.get(txn, key).transpose())
+                            .map(|v| v.map(Cow::Borrowed))
+                            .collect::<std::result::Result<Vec<Cow<[u8]>>, _>>()?;
+
+                        if bitmaps.is_empty() {
+                            None
+                        } else {
+                            Some(merger(&[], &bitmaps[..])?)
+                        }
+                    }
+                };
+
                 entry.insert(bitmap_ptr);
-                bitmap_ptr
             }
         };
-        Ok(bitmap_ptr)
+
+        match cache.get(&cache_key).unwrap() {
+            Some(Cow::Borrowed(bytes)) => {
+                DC::bytes_decode_owned(bytes).ok_or(heed::Error::Decoding.into()).map(Some)
+            }
+            Some(Cow::Owned(bytes)) => {
+                DC::bytes_decode_owned(bytes).ok_or(heed::Error::Decoding.into()).map(Some)
+            }
+            None => Ok(None),
+        }
     }
 }
 impl<'ctx> SearchContext<'ctx> {
@@ -99,30 +158,26 @@ impl<'ctx> SearchContext<'ctx> {
 
     /// Retrieve or insert the given value in the `word_docids` database.
     fn get_db_word_docids(&mut self, word: Interned<String>) -> Result<Option<RoaringBitmap>> {
-        DatabaseCache::get_value(
+        DatabaseCache::get_value::<_, _, RoaringBitmapCodec>(
             self.txn,
             word,
             self.word_interner.get(word).as_str(),
             &mut self.db_cache.word_docids,
             self.index.word_docids.remap_data_type::<ByteSlice>(),
-        )?
-        .map(|bytes| RoaringBitmapCodec::bytes_decode(bytes).ok_or(heed::Error::Decoding.into()))
-        .transpose()
+        )
     }
 
     fn get_db_exact_word_docids(
         &mut self,
         word: Interned<String>,
     ) -> Result<Option<RoaringBitmap>> {
-        DatabaseCache::get_value(
+        DatabaseCache::get_value::<_, _, RoaringBitmapCodec>(
             self.txn,
             word,
             self.word_interner.get(word).as_str(),
             &mut self.db_cache.exact_word_docids,
             self.index.exact_word_docids.remap_data_type::<ByteSlice>(),
-        )?
-        .map(|bytes| RoaringBitmapCodec::bytes_decode(bytes).ok_or(heed::Error::Decoding.into()))
-        .transpose()
+        )
     }
 
     pub fn word_prefix_docids(&mut self, prefix: Word) -> Result<Option<RoaringBitmap>> {
@@ -150,30 +205,26 @@ impl<'ctx> SearchContext<'ctx> {
         &mut self,
         prefix: Interned<String>,
     ) -> Result<Option<RoaringBitmap>> {
-        DatabaseCache::get_value(
+        DatabaseCache::get_value::<_, _, RoaringBitmapCodec>(
             self.txn,
             prefix,
             self.word_interner.get(prefix).as_str(),
             &mut self.db_cache.word_prefix_docids,
             self.index.word_prefix_docids.remap_data_type::<ByteSlice>(),
-        )?
-        .map(|bytes| RoaringBitmapCodec::bytes_decode(bytes).ok_or(heed::Error::Decoding.into()))
-        .transpose()
+        )
     }
 
     fn get_db_exact_word_prefix_docids(
         &mut self,
         prefix: Interned<String>,
     ) -> Result<Option<RoaringBitmap>> {
-        DatabaseCache::get_value(
+        DatabaseCache::get_value::<_, _, RoaringBitmapCodec>(
             self.txn,
             prefix,
             self.word_interner.get(prefix).as_str(),
             &mut self.db_cache.exact_word_prefix_docids,
             self.index.exact_word_prefix_docids.remap_data_type::<ByteSlice>(),
-        )?
-        .map(|bytes| RoaringBitmapCodec::bytes_decode(bytes).ok_or(heed::Error::Decoding.into()))
-        .transpose()
+        )
     }
 
     pub fn get_db_word_pair_proximity_docids(
@@ -182,7 +233,7 @@ impl<'ctx> SearchContext<'ctx> {
         word2: Interned<String>,
         proximity: u8,
     ) -> Result<Option<RoaringBitmap>> {
-        DatabaseCache::get_value(
+        DatabaseCache::get_value::<_, _, CboRoaringBitmapCodec>(
             self.txn,
             (proximity, word1, word2),
             &(
@@ -192,9 +243,7 @@ impl<'ctx> SearchContext<'ctx> {
             ),
             &mut self.db_cache.word_pair_proximity_docids,
             self.index.word_pair_proximity_docids.remap_data_type::<ByteSlice>(),
-        )?
-        .map(|bytes| CboRoaringBitmapCodec::bytes_decode(bytes).ok_or(heed::Error::Decoding.into()))
-        .transpose()
+        )
     }
 
     pub fn get_db_word_pair_proximity_docids_len(
@@ -203,7 +252,7 @@ impl<'ctx> SearchContext<'ctx> {
         word2: Interned<String>,
         proximity: u8,
     ) -> Result<Option<u64>> {
-        DatabaseCache::get_value(
+        DatabaseCache::get_value::<_, _, CboRoaringBitmapLenCodec>(
             self.txn,
             (proximity, word1, word2),
             &(
@@ -213,11 +262,7 @@ impl<'ctx> SearchContext<'ctx> {
             ),
             &mut self.db_cache.word_pair_proximity_docids,
             self.index.word_pair_proximity_docids.remap_data_type::<ByteSlice>(),
-        )?
-        .map(|bytes| {
-            CboRoaringBitmapLenCodec::bytes_decode(bytes).ok_or(heed::Error::Decoding.into())
-        })
-        .transpose()
+        )
     }
 
     pub fn get_db_word_prefix_pair_proximity_docids(
@@ -226,7 +271,7 @@ impl<'ctx> SearchContext<'ctx> {
         prefix2: Interned<String>,
         proximity: u8,
     ) -> Result<Option<RoaringBitmap>> {
-        DatabaseCache::get_value(
+        DatabaseCache::get_value::<_, _, CboRoaringBitmapCodec>(
             self.txn,
             (proximity, word1, prefix2),
             &(
@@ -236,9 +281,7 @@ impl<'ctx> SearchContext<'ctx> {
             ),
             &mut self.db_cache.word_prefix_pair_proximity_docids,
             self.index.word_prefix_pair_proximity_docids.remap_data_type::<ByteSlice>(),
-        )?
-        .map(|bytes| CboRoaringBitmapCodec::bytes_decode(bytes).ok_or(heed::Error::Decoding.into()))
-        .transpose()
+        )
     }
     pub fn get_db_prefix_word_pair_proximity_docids(
         &mut self,
@@ -246,7 +289,7 @@ impl<'ctx> SearchContext<'ctx> {
         right: Interned<String>,
         proximity: u8,
     ) -> Result<Option<RoaringBitmap>> {
-        DatabaseCache::get_value(
+        DatabaseCache::get_value::<_, _, CboRoaringBitmapCodec>(
             self.txn,
             (proximity, left_prefix, right),
             &(
@@ -256,9 +299,7 @@ impl<'ctx> SearchContext<'ctx> {
             ),
             &mut self.db_cache.prefix_word_pair_proximity_docids,
             self.index.prefix_word_pair_proximity_docids.remap_data_type::<ByteSlice>(),
-        )?
-        .map(|bytes| CboRoaringBitmapCodec::bytes_decode(bytes).ok_or(heed::Error::Decoding.into()))
-        .transpose()
+        )
     }
 
     pub fn get_db_word_fid_docids(
@@ -266,15 +307,13 @@ impl<'ctx> SearchContext<'ctx> {
         word: Interned<String>,
         fid: u16,
     ) -> Result<Option<RoaringBitmap>> {
-        DatabaseCache::get_value(
+        DatabaseCache::get_value::<_, _, CboRoaringBitmapCodec>(
             self.txn,
             (word, fid),
             &(self.word_interner.get(word).as_str(), fid),
             &mut self.db_cache.word_fid_docids,
             self.index.word_fid_docids.remap_data_type::<ByteSlice>(),
-        )?
-        .map(|bytes| CboRoaringBitmapCodec::bytes_decode(bytes).ok_or(heed::Error::Decoding.into()))
-        .transpose()
+        )
     }
 
     pub fn get_db_word_prefix_fid_docids(
@@ -282,15 +321,13 @@ impl<'ctx> SearchContext<'ctx> {
         word_prefix: Interned<String>,
         fid: u16,
     ) -> Result<Option<RoaringBitmap>> {
-        DatabaseCache::get_value(
+        DatabaseCache::get_value::<_, _, CboRoaringBitmapCodec>(
             self.txn,
             (word_prefix, fid),
             &(self.word_interner.get(word_prefix).as_str(), fid),
             &mut self.db_cache.word_prefix_fid_docids,
             self.index.word_prefix_fid_docids.remap_data_type::<ByteSlice>(),
-        )?
-        .map(|bytes| CboRoaringBitmapCodec::bytes_decode(bytes).ok_or(heed::Error::Decoding.into()))
-        .transpose()
+        )
     }
 
     pub fn get_db_word_fids(&mut self, word: Interned<String>) -> Result<Vec<u16>> {
@@ -309,7 +346,7 @@ impl<'ctx> SearchContext<'ctx> {
                 for result in remap_key_type {
                     let ((_, fid), value) = result?;
                     // filling other caches to avoid searching for them again
-                    self.db_cache.word_fid_docids.insert((word, fid), Some(value));
+                    self.db_cache.word_fid_docids.insert((word, fid), Some(Cow::Borrowed(value)));
                     fids.push(fid);
                 }
                 entry.insert(fids.clone());
@@ -335,7 +372,9 @@ impl<'ctx> SearchContext<'ctx> {
                 for result in remap_key_type {
                     let ((_, fid), value) = result?;
                     // filling other caches to avoid searching for them again
-                    self.db_cache.word_prefix_fid_docids.insert((word_prefix, fid), Some(value));
+                    self.db_cache
+                        .word_prefix_fid_docids
+                        .insert((word_prefix, fid), Some(Cow::Borrowed(value)));
                     fids.push(fid);
                 }
                 entry.insert(fids.clone());
@@ -350,15 +389,13 @@ impl<'ctx> SearchContext<'ctx> {
         word: Interned<String>,
         position: u16,
     ) -> Result<Option<RoaringBitmap>> {
-        DatabaseCache::get_value(
+        DatabaseCache::get_value::<_, _, CboRoaringBitmapCodec>(
             self.txn,
             (word, position),
             &(self.word_interner.get(word).as_str(), position),
             &mut self.db_cache.word_position_docids,
             self.index.word_position_docids.remap_data_type::<ByteSlice>(),
-        )?
-        .map(|bytes| CboRoaringBitmapCodec::bytes_decode(bytes).ok_or(heed::Error::Decoding.into()))
-        .transpose()
+        )
     }
 
     pub fn get_db_word_prefix_position_docids(
@@ -366,15 +403,13 @@ impl<'ctx> SearchContext<'ctx> {
         word_prefix: Interned<String>,
         position: u16,
     ) -> Result<Option<RoaringBitmap>> {
-        DatabaseCache::get_value(
+        DatabaseCache::get_value::<_, _, CboRoaringBitmapCodec>(
             self.txn,
             (word_prefix, position),
             &(self.word_interner.get(word_prefix).as_str(), position),
             &mut self.db_cache.word_prefix_position_docids,
             self.index.word_prefix_position_docids.remap_data_type::<ByteSlice>(),
-        )?
-        .map(|bytes| CboRoaringBitmapCodec::bytes_decode(bytes).ok_or(heed::Error::Decoding.into()))
-        .transpose()
+        )
     }
 
     pub fn get_db_word_positions(&mut self, word: Interned<String>) -> Result<Vec<u16>> {
@@ -393,7 +428,9 @@ impl<'ctx> SearchContext<'ctx> {
                 for result in remap_key_type {
                     let ((_, position), value) = result?;
                     // filling other caches to avoid searching for them again
-                    self.db_cache.word_position_docids.insert((word, position), Some(value));
+                    self.db_cache
+                        .word_position_docids
+                        .insert((word, position), Some(Cow::Borrowed(value)));
                     positions.push(position);
                 }
                 entry.insert(positions.clone());
@@ -424,7 +461,7 @@ impl<'ctx> SearchContext<'ctx> {
                     // filling other caches to avoid searching for them again
                     self.db_cache
                         .word_prefix_position_docids
-                        .insert((word_prefix, position), Some(value));
+                        .insert((word_prefix, position), Some(Cow::Borrowed(value)));
                     positions.push(position);
                 }
                 entry.insert(positions.clone());
diff --git a/milli/src/search/new/matches/mod.rs b/milli/src/search/new/matches/mod.rs
index d70bb1550..f33d595e5 100644
--- a/milli/src/search/new/matches/mod.rs
+++ b/milli/src/search/new/matches/mod.rs
@@ -514,7 +514,6 @@ mod tests {
                 false,
                 &None,
                 &None,
-                None,
                 crate::search::new::GeoSortStrategy::default(),
                 0,
                 100,
diff --git a/milli/src/search/new/mod.rs b/milli/src/search/new/mod.rs
index e72093bf8..6cc155c56 100644
--- a/milli/src/search/new/mod.rs
+++ b/milli/src/search/new/mod.rs
@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@ pub struct SearchContext<'ctx> {
     pub phrase_interner: DedupInterner<Phrase>,
     pub term_interner: Interner<QueryTerm>,
     pub phrase_docids: PhraseDocIdsCache,
+    pub restricted_fids: Option<Vec<u16>>,
 }
 
 impl<'ctx> SearchContext<'ctx> {
@@ -69,8 +70,18 @@ impl<'ctx> SearchContext<'ctx> {
             phrase_interner: <_>::default(),
             term_interner: <_>::default(),
             phrase_docids: <_>::default(),
+            restricted_fids: None,
         }
     }
+
+    pub fn searchable_attributes(&mut self, searchable_attributes: &'ctx [String]) -> Result<()> {
+        let fids_map = self.index.fields_ids_map(&self.txn)?;
+        let restricted_fids =
+            searchable_attributes.iter().filter_map(|name| fids_map.id(name)).collect();
+        self.restricted_fids = Some(restricted_fids);
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
 }
 
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Ord, Eq)]
@@ -355,7 +366,6 @@ pub fn execute_search(
     exhaustive_number_hits: bool,
     filters: &Option<Filter>,
     sort_criteria: &Option<Vec<AscDesc>>,
-    searchable_attributes: Option<&[String]>,
     geo_strategy: geo_sort::Strategy,
     from: usize,
     length: usize,
diff --git a/milli/src/update/mod.rs b/milli/src/update/mod.rs
index 7a3fd1fd9..011a2eb60 100644
--- a/milli/src/update/mod.rs
+++ b/milli/src/update/mod.rs
@@ -4,7 +4,8 @@ pub use self::delete_documents::{DeleteDocuments, DeletionStrategy, DocumentDele
 pub use self::facet::bulk::FacetsUpdateBulk;
 pub use self::facet::incremental::FacetsUpdateIncrementalInner;
 pub use self::index_documents::{
-    DocumentAdditionResult, DocumentId, IndexDocuments, IndexDocumentsConfig, IndexDocumentsMethod,
+    merge_roaring_bitmaps, DocumentAdditionResult, DocumentId, IndexDocuments,
+    IndexDocumentsConfig, IndexDocumentsMethod, MergeFn,
 };
 pub use self::indexer_config::IndexerConfig;
 pub use self::prefix_word_pairs::{