2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
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title: mbcp.mp_math.line
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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---
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### ***class*** `Line3`
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2024-08-28 21:27:52 +08:00
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### *def* `__init__(self, point: 'Point3', direction: 'Vector3')`
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
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三维空间中的直线。由一个点和一个方向向量确定。
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
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参数:
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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2024-08-28 21:27:52 +08:00
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- point: 直线上的一点
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- direction: 直线的方向向量
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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<details>
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2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
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<summary>源码</summary>
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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```python
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def __init__(self, point: 'Point3', direction: 'Vector3'):
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"""
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三维空间中的直线。由一个点和一个方向向量确定。
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Args:
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point: 直线上的一点
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direction: 直线的方向向量
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"""
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self.point = point
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self.direction = direction
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```
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</details>
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2024-08-28 21:27:52 +08:00
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### *def* `approx(self, other: 'Line3', epsilon: float = APPROX) -> bool`
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
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判断两条直线是否近似相等。
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
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参数:
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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2024-08-28 21:27:52 +08:00
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- other: 另一条直线
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- epsilon: 误差
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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<details>
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2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
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<summary>源码</summary>
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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```python
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def approx(self, other: 'Line3', epsilon: float=APPROX) -> bool:
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"""
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判断两条直线是否近似相等。
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Args:
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other: 另一条直线
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epsilon: 误差
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Returns:
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是否近似相等
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"""
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return self.is_approx_parallel(other, epsilon) and (self.point - other.point).is_approx_parallel(self.direction, epsilon)
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```
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</details>
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2024-08-28 21:27:52 +08:00
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### *def* `cal_angle(self, other: 'Line3') -> 'AnyAngle'`
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
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计算直线和直线之间的夹角。
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
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参数:
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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2024-08-28 21:27:52 +08:00
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- other: 另一条直线
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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<details>
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2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
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<summary>源码</summary>
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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```python
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def cal_angle(self, other: 'Line3') -> 'AnyAngle':
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"""
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计算直线和直线之间的夹角。
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Args:
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other: 另一条直线
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Returns:
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夹角弧度
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Raises:
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TypeError: 不支持的类型
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"""
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return self.direction.cal_angle(other.direction)
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```
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</details>
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2024-08-28 21:27:52 +08:00
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### *def* `cal_distance(self, other: 'Line3 | Point3') -> float`
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
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计算直线和直线或点之间的距离。
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
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参数:
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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2024-08-28 21:27:52 +08:00
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- other: 平行直线或点
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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<details>
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2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
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<summary>源码</summary>
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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```python
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def cal_distance(self, other: 'Line3 | Point3') -> float:
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"""
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计算直线和直线或点之间的距离。
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Args:
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other: 平行直线或点
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Returns:
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距离
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Raises:
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TypeError: 不支持的类型
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"""
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if isinstance(other, Line3):
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if self == other:
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return 0
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elif self.is_parallel(other):
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return (other.point - self.point).cross(self.direction).length / self.direction.length
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elif not self.is_coplanar(other):
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return abs(self.direction.cross(other.direction) @ (self.point - other.point) / self.direction.cross(other.direction).length)
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else:
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return 0
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elif isinstance(other, Point3):
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return (other - self.point).cross(self.direction).length / self.direction.length
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else:
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raise TypeError('Unsupported type.')
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```
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</details>
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2024-08-28 21:27:52 +08:00
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### *def* `cal_intersection(self, other: 'Line3') -> 'Point3'`
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
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计算两条直线的交点。
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
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参数:
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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2024-08-28 21:27:52 +08:00
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- other: 另一条直线
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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<details>
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2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
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<summary>源码</summary>
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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```python
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def cal_intersection(self, other: 'Line3') -> 'Point3':
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"""
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计算两条直线的交点。
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Args:
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other: 另一条直线
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Returns:
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交点
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Raises:
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ValueError: 直线平行
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ValueError: 直线不共面
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"""
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if self.is_parallel(other):
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raise ValueError('Lines are parallel and do not intersect.')
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if not self.is_coplanar(other):
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raise ValueError('Lines are not coplanar and do not intersect.')
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return self.point + self.direction.cross(other.direction) @ other.direction.cross(self.point - other.point) / self.direction.cross(other.direction).length ** 2 * self.direction
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```
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</details>
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2024-08-28 21:27:52 +08:00
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### *def* `cal_perpendicular(self, point: 'Point3') -> 'Line3'`
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
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计算直线经过指定点p的垂线。
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
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参数:
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2024-08-28 21:27:52 +08:00
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- point: 指定点
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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<details>
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2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
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<summary>源码</summary>
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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```python
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def cal_perpendicular(self, point: 'Point3') -> 'Line3':
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"""
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计算直线经过指定点p的垂线。
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Args:
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point: 指定点
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Returns:
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垂线
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"""
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return Line3(point, self.direction.cross(point - self.point))
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```
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</details>
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2024-08-28 21:27:52 +08:00
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### *def* `get_point(self, t: RealNumber) -> 'Point3'`
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
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获取直线上的点。同一条直线,但起始点和方向向量不同,则同一个t对应的点不同。
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
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参数:
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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2024-08-28 21:27:52 +08:00
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- t: 参数t
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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<details>
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2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
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<summary>源码</summary>
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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```python
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def get_point(self, t: RealNumber) -> 'Point3':
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"""
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获取直线上的点。同一条直线,但起始点和方向向量不同,则同一个t对应的点不同。
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Args:
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t: 参数t
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Returns:
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点
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"""
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return self.point + t * self.direction
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```
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</details>
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2024-08-28 21:27:52 +08:00
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### *def* `get_parametric_equations(self) -> tuple[OneSingleVarFunc, OneSingleVarFunc, OneSingleVarFunc]`
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2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
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获取直线的参数方程。
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2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
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返回:
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2024-08-28 21:27:52 +08:00
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- x(t), y(t), z(t)
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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<details>
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2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
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<summary>源码</summary>
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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```python
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def get_parametric_equations(self) -> tuple[OneSingleVarFunc, OneSingleVarFunc, OneSingleVarFunc]:
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"""
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获取直线的参数方程。
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Returns:
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x(t), y(t), z(t)
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"""
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return (lambda t: self.point.x + self.direction.x * t, lambda t: self.point.y + self.direction.y * t, lambda t: self.point.z + self.direction.z * t)
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```
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</details>
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2024-08-28 21:27:52 +08:00
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### *def* `is_approx_parallel(self, other: 'Line3', epsilon: float = 1e-06) -> bool`
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
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判断两条直线是否近似平行。
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
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参数:
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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2024-08-28 21:27:52 +08:00
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- other: 另一条直线
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- epsilon: 误差
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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<details>
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2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
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<summary>源码</summary>
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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```python
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def is_approx_parallel(self, other: 'Line3', epsilon: float=1e-06) -> bool:
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"""
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判断两条直线是否近似平行。
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Args:
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other: 另一条直线
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epsilon: 误差
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Returns:
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是否近似平行
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"""
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return self.direction.is_approx_parallel(other.direction, epsilon)
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```
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</details>
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2024-08-28 21:27:52 +08:00
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### *def* `is_parallel(self, other: 'Line3') -> bool`
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
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判断两条直线是否平行。
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
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参数:
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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2024-08-28 21:27:52 +08:00
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- other: 另一条直线
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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<details>
|
2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
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<summary>源码</summary>
|
2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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```python
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def is_parallel(self, other: 'Line3') -> bool:
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"""
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判断两条直线是否平行。
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Args:
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other: 另一条直线
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Returns:
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是否平行
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"""
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return self.direction.is_parallel(other.direction)
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```
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</details>
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2024-08-28 21:27:52 +08:00
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### *def* `is_collinear(self, other: 'Line3') -> bool`
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
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判断两条直线是否共线。
|
2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
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参数:
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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2024-08-28 21:27:52 +08:00
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- other: 另一条直线
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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<details>
|
2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
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<summary>源码</summary>
|
2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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```python
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def is_collinear(self, other: 'Line3') -> bool:
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"""
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判断两条直线是否共线。
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Args:
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other: 另一条直线
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Returns:
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是否共线
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"""
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return self.is_parallel(other) and (self.point - other.point).is_parallel(self.direction)
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```
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</details>
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2024-08-28 21:27:52 +08:00
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### *def* `is_point_on(self, point: 'Point3') -> bool`
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
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判断点是否在直线上。
|
2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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|
2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
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参数:
|
2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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2024-08-28 21:27:52 +08:00
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- point: 点
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2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
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<details>
|
2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
|
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|
|
<summary>源码</summary>
|
2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```python
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|
|
def is_point_on(self, point: 'Point3') -> bool:
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|
"""
|
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|
|
判断点是否在直线上。
|
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|
Args:
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|
point: 点
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Returns:
|
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|
是否在直线上
|
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|
|
"""
|
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|
|
return (point - self.point).is_parallel(self.direction)
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|
|
```
|
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|
</details>
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|
2024-08-28 21:27:52 +08:00
|
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|
### *def* `is_coplanar(self, other: 'Line3') -> bool`
|
2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
|
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|
2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
|
|
|
|
判断两条直线是否共面。
|
2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
|
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|
|
充要条件:两直线方向向量的叉乘与两直线上任意一点的向量的点积为0。
|
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|
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|
2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
|
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|
参数:
|
2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2024-08-28 21:27:52 +08:00
|
|
|
|
- other: 另一条直线
|
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|
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|
2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<details>
|
2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
|
|
|
|
<summary>源码</summary>
|
2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```python
|
|
|
|
|
def is_coplanar(self, other: 'Line3') -> bool:
|
|
|
|
|
"""
|
|
|
|
|
判断两条直线是否共面。
|
|
|
|
|
充要条件:两直线方向向量的叉乘与两直线上任意一点的向量的点积为0。
|
|
|
|
|
Args:
|
|
|
|
|
other: 另一条直线
|
|
|
|
|
Returns:
|
|
|
|
|
是否共面
|
|
|
|
|
"""
|
|
|
|
|
return self.direction.cross(other.direction) @ (self.point - other.point) == 0
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
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|
|
</details>
|
|
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|
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|
2024-08-28 21:27:52 +08:00
|
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|
|
### *def* `simplify(self)`
|
2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
|
|
|
|
简化直线方程,等价相等。
|
2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
|
|
|
|
自体简化,不返回值。
|
|
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|
|
|
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|
|
按照可行性一次对x y z 化 0 处理,并对向量单位化
|
|
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|
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|
2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
|
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|
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|
2024-08-28 21:27:52 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
|
|
|
|
<details>
|
2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
|
|
|
|
<summary>源码</summary>
|
2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```python
|
|
|
|
|
def simplify(self):
|
|
|
|
|
"""
|
|
|
|
|
简化直线方程,等价相等。
|
|
|
|
|
自体简化,不返回值。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
按照可行性一次对x y z 化 0 处理,并对向量单位化
|
|
|
|
|
"""
|
|
|
|
|
self.direction.normalize()
|
|
|
|
|
if self.direction.x == 0:
|
|
|
|
|
self.point.x = 0
|
|
|
|
|
if self.direction.y == 0:
|
|
|
|
|
self.point.y = 0
|
|
|
|
|
if self.direction.z == 0:
|
|
|
|
|
self.point.z = 0
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
</details>
|
|
|
|
|
|
2024-08-28 21:27:52 +08:00
|
|
|
|
### `@classmethod`
|
|
|
|
|
### *def* `from_two_points(cls, p1: 'Point3', p2: 'Point3') -> 'Line3'`
|
2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
|
|
|
|
工厂函数 由两点构造直线。
|
2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
|
|
|
|
参数:
|
2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2024-08-28 21:27:52 +08:00
|
|
|
|
- p1: 点1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- p2: 点2
|
2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<details>
|
2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
|
|
|
|
<summary>源码</summary>
|
2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```python
|
|
|
|
|
@classmethod
|
|
|
|
|
def from_two_points(cls, p1: 'Point3', p2: 'Point3') -> 'Line3':
|
|
|
|
|
"""
|
|
|
|
|
工厂函数 由两点构造直线。
|
|
|
|
|
Args:
|
|
|
|
|
p1: 点1
|
|
|
|
|
p2: 点2
|
|
|
|
|
Returns:
|
|
|
|
|
直线
|
|
|
|
|
"""
|
|
|
|
|
direction = p2 - p1
|
|
|
|
|
return cls(p1, direction)
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
</details>
|
|
|
|
|
|
2024-08-28 21:27:52 +08:00
|
|
|
|
### *def* `__and__(self, other: 'Line3') -> 'Line3 | Point3 | None'`
|
2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
计算两条直线点集合的交集。重合线返回自身,平行线返回None,交线返回交点。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
参数:
|
|
|
|
|
|
2024-08-28 21:27:52 +08:00
|
|
|
|
- other: 另一条直线
|
|
|
|
|
|
2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<details>
|
|
|
|
|
<summary>源码</summary>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```python
|
|
|
|
|
def __and__(self, other: 'Line3') -> 'Line3 | Point3 | None':
|
|
|
|
|
"""
|
|
|
|
|
计算两条直线点集合的交集。重合线返回自身,平行线返回None,交线返回交点。
|
|
|
|
|
Args:
|
|
|
|
|
other: 另一条直线
|
|
|
|
|
Returns:
|
|
|
|
|
交点
|
|
|
|
|
"""
|
|
|
|
|
if self.is_collinear(other):
|
|
|
|
|
return self
|
|
|
|
|
elif self.is_parallel(other) or not self.is_coplanar(other):
|
|
|
|
|
return None
|
|
|
|
|
else:
|
|
|
|
|
return self.cal_intersection(other)
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
</details>
|
|
|
|
|
|
2024-08-28 21:27:52 +08:00
|
|
|
|
### *def* `__eq__(self, other) -> bool`
|
2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
|
|
|
|
判断两条直线是否等价。
|
2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
|
|
|
|
v1 // v2 ∧ (p1 - p2) // v1
|
2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
|
|
|
|
参数:
|
2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2024-08-28 21:27:52 +08:00
|
|
|
|
- other:
|
|
|
|
|
|
2024-08-28 10:52:17 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
|
|
|
|
<details>
|
|
|
|
|
<summary>源码</summary>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```python
|
|
|
|
|
def __eq__(self, other) -> bool:
|
|
|
|
|
"""
|
|
|
|
|
判断两条直线是否等价。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
v1 // v2 ∧ (p1 - p2) // v1
|
|
|
|
|
Args:
|
|
|
|
|
other:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Returns:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
"""
|
|
|
|
|
return self.direction.is_parallel(other.direction) and (self.point - other.point).is_parallel(self.direction)
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
</details>
|
|
|
|
|
|
2024-08-28 21:27:52 +08:00
|
|
|
|
### *def* `__str__(self)`
|
|
|
|
|
|
2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<details>
|
|
|
|
|
<summary>源码</summary>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```python
|
|
|
|
|
def __str__(self):
|
|
|
|
|
"""
|
|
|
|
|
返回点向式(x-x0)
|
|
|
|
|
Returns:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
"""
|
|
|
|
|
s = 'Line3: '
|
|
|
|
|
if self.direction.x != 0:
|
|
|
|
|
s += f'(x{sign_format(-self.point.x)})/{self.direction.x}'
|
|
|
|
|
if self.direction.y != 0:
|
|
|
|
|
s += f' = (y{sign_format(-self.point.y)})/{self.direction.y}'
|
|
|
|
|
if self.direction.z != 0:
|
|
|
|
|
s += f' = (z{sign_format(-self.point.z)})/{self.direction.z}'
|
|
|
|
|
return s
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
</details>
|
|
|
|
|
|
2024-08-28 21:27:52 +08:00
|
|
|
|
### *def* `__repr__(self)`
|
|
|
|
|
|
2024-08-28 12:02:30 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<details>
|
|
|
|
|
<summary>源码</summary>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```python
|
|
|
|
|
def __repr__(self):
|
|
|
|
|
return f'Line3({self.point}, {self.direction})'
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
</details>
|
|
|
|
|
|