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📝 add matcher tutorial
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@ -111,6 +111,75 @@ async def handle_city(bot: Bot, event: Event, state: dict):
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city = state["city"]
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city = state["city"]
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if city not in ["上海", "北京"]:
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if city not in ["上海", "北京"]:
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await weather.reject("你想查询的城市暂不支持,请重新输入!")
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await weather.reject("你想查询的城市暂不支持,请重新输入!")
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city_weather = await get_weather_from_xxx(city)
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city_weather = await get_weather(city)
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await weather.finish(city_weather)
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await weather.finish(city_weather)
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async def get_weather(city: str):
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return f"{city}的天气是..."
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```
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```
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为了简单起见,我们在这里的例子中没有接入真实的天气数据,但要接入也非常简单,你可以使用中国天气网、和风天气等网站提供的 API。
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下面我们来说明这段代码是如何工作的。
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:::tip 提示
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从这里开始,你需要对 Python 的 asyncio 编程有所了解,因为 NoneBot 是完全基于 asyncio 的,具体可以参考 [廖雪峰的 Python 教程](https://www.liaoxuefeng.com/wiki/1016959663602400/1017959540289152)
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:::
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### 注册一个 [事件响应器](../api/matcher.md)
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```python{4}
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from nonebot import on_command
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from nonebot.rule import to_me
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weather = on_command("天气", rule=to_me(), priority=5)
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```
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在上方代码中,我们注册了一个事件响应器 `Matcher`,它由几个部分组成:
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1. `on_command` 注册一个消息类型的命令处理器
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2. `"天气"` 指定 command 参数 - 命令名
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3. `rule` 补充事件响应器的匹配规则
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4. `priority` 事件响应器优先级
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5. `permission` 事件响应器的“使用权限”
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其他详细配置可以参考 API 文档,下面我们详细说明各个部分:
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#### 事件响应器类型
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事件响应器类型其实就是对应 `Event.type` ,NoneBot 提供了一个基础类型事件响应器 `on()` 以及一些内置的事件响应器。
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- `on("事件类型")`: 基础事件响应器,第一个参数为事件类型,空字符串表示不限
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- `on_metaevent()` ~ `on("meta_event")`: 元事件响应器
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- `on_message()` ~ `on("message")`: 消息事件响应器
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- `on_request()` ~ `on("request")`: 请求事件响应器
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- `on_notice()` ~ `on("notice")`: 通知事件响应器
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- `on_startswith(str)` ~ `on("message", startswith(str))`: 消息开头匹配处理器
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- `on_endswith(str)` ~ `on("message", endswith(str))`: 消息结尾匹配处理器
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- `on_command(str|tuple)` ~ `on("message", command(str|tuple))`: 命令处理器
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- `on_regax(pattern_str)` ~ `on("message", regax(pattern_str))`: 正则匹配处理器
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#### 匹配规则
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事件响应器的匹配规则即 `Rule`,由非负个 `RuleChecker` 组成,当所有 `RuleChecker` 返回 `True` 时匹配成功。这些 `RuleChecker` 的形式如下:
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```python
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async def check(bot: Bot, event: Event, state: dict) -> bool:
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return True
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def check(bot: Bot, event: Event, state: dict) -> bool:
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return True
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```
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`Rule` 和 `RuleChecker` 之间可以使用 `与 &` 互相组合:
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```python
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from nonebot.rule import Rule
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Rule(async_checker1) & sync_checker & async_checker2
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```
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:::danger 警告
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`Rule(*checkers)` 只接受 async function,或使用 `nonebot.utils.run_sync` 自行包裹 sync function。在使用 `与 &` 时,NoneBot 会自动包裹 sync function
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:::
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@ -101,8 +101,7 @@ class Matcher(metaclass=MatcherMeta):
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@classmethod
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@classmethod
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async def check_perm(cls, bot: Bot, event: Event) -> bool:
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async def check_perm(cls, bot: Bot, event: Event) -> bool:
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return (event.type == (cls.type or event.type) and
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return await cls.permission(bot, event)
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await cls.permission(bot, event))
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@classmethod
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@classmethod
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async def check_rule(cls, bot: Bot, event: Event, state: dict) -> bool:
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async def check_rule(cls, bot: Bot, event: Event, state: dict) -> bool:
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@ -114,7 +113,8 @@ class Matcher(metaclass=MatcherMeta):
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Returns:
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Returns:
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bool: 条件成立与否
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bool: 条件成立与否
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"""
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"""
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return await cls.rule(bot, event, state)
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return (event.type == (cls.type or event.type) and
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await cls.rule(bot, event, state))
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@classmethod
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@classmethod
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def args_parser(cls, func: ArgsParser) -> ArgsParser:
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def args_parser(cls, func: ArgsParser) -> ArgsParser:
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