mirror of
https://github.com/nonebot/nonebot2.git
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181 lines
4.3 KiB
Markdown
181 lines
4.3 KiB
Markdown
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---
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sidebar_position: 5
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description: 杂项
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---
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# 杂项
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## 通用消息序列
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除了之前提到的通用标注外,`nonebot_plugin_alconna` 还提供了一个类似于 `Message` 的 `UniMessage` 类型,其元素为经过通用标注转换后的 `Segment`。
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你可以通过提供的 `UniversalMessage` 或 `UniMsg` 依赖注入器来获取 `UniMessage`。
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```python
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from nonebot_plugin_alconna import UniMsg, At, Reply
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matcher = on_xxx(...)
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@matcher.handle()
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async def _(msg: UniMsg):
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reply = msg[Reply, 0]
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print(reply.origin)
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if msg.has(At):
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ats = msg.get(At)
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print(ats)
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...
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```
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### 获取消息纯文本
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类似于 `Message.extract_plain_text()`,用于获取通用消息的纯文本。
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```python
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from nonebot_plugin_alconna import UniMessage, At
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# 提取消息纯文本字符串
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assert UniMessage(
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[At("user", "1234"), "text"]
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).extract_plain_text() == "text"
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```
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### 遍历
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通用消息序列继承自 `List[Union[str, Segment]]` ,因此可以使用 `for` 循环遍历消息段。
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```python
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for segment in message: # type: Union[str, Segment]
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...
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```
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### 检查消息段
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我们可以通过 `in` 运算符或消息序列的 `has` 方法来:
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```python
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# 是否存在消息段
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At("user", "1234") in message
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# 是否存在指定类型的消息段
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At in message
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```
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我们还可以使用 `only` 方法来检查消息中是否仅包含指定的消息段。
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```python
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# 是否都为 "test"
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message.only("test")
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# 是否仅包含指定类型的消息段
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message.only(str)
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```
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### 过滤、索引与切片
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消息序列对列表的索引与切片进行了增强,在原有列表 `int` 索引与 `slice` 切片的基础上,支持 `type` 过滤索引与切片。
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```python
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from nonebot_plugin_alconna import UniMessage, At, Reply
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message = UniMessage(
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[
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Reply(...),
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"text1",
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At("user", "1234"),
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"text2"
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]
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)
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# 索引
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message[0] == Reply(...)
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# 切片
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message[0:2] == UniMessage([Reply(...), "text1"])
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# 类型过滤
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message[At] == Message([At("user", "1234")])
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# 类型索引
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message[At, 0] == At("user", "1234")
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# 类型切片
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message[str, 0:2] == UniMessage(["text1", "text2"])
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```
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我们也可以通过消息序列的 `include`、`exclude` 方法进行类型过滤。
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```python
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message.include(str, At)
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message.exclude(Reply)
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```
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同样的,消息序列对列表的 `index`、`count` 方法也进行了增强,可以用于索引指定类型的消息段。
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```python
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# 指定类型首个消息段索引
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message.index(str) == 1
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# 指定类型消息段数量
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message.count(str) == 2
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```
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此外,消息序列添加了一个 `get` 方法,可以用于获取指定类型指定个数的消息段。
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```python
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# 获取指定类型指定个数的消息段
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message.get(str, 1) == UniMessage(["test1"])
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```
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## 特殊装饰器
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`nonebot_plugin_alconna` 提供 了一个 `funcommand` 装饰器, 其用于将一个接受任意参数,
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返回 `str` 或 `Message` 或 `MessageSegment` 的函数转换为命令响应器。
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```python
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from nonebot_plugin_alconna import funcommand
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@funcommand()
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async def echo(msg: str):
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return msg
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```
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其等同于
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```python
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from arclet.alconna import Alconna, Args
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from nonebot_plugin_alconna import on_alconna, AlconnaMatch, Match
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echo = on_alconna(Alconna("echo", Args["msg", str]))
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@echo.handle()
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async def echo_exit(msg: Match[str] = AlconnaMatch("msg")):
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await echo.finish(msg.result)
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```
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## 特殊构造器
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`nonebot_plugin_alconna` 提供了一个 `Command` 构造器,其基于 `arclet.alconna.tools` 中的 `AlconnaString`,
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以类似 `Koishi` 中注册命令的方式来构建一个 AlconnaMatcher:
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```python
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from nonebot_plugin_alconna import Command, Arparma
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book = (
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Command("book", "测试")
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.option("writer", "-w <id:int>")
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.option("writer", "--anonymous", {"id": 0})
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.usage("book [-w <id:int> | --anonymous]")
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.shortcut("测试", {"args": ["--anonymous"]})
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.build()
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)
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@book.handle()
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async def _(arp: Arparma):
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await book.send(str(arp.options))
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```
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甚至,你可以设置 `action` 来设定响应行为:
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```python
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book = (
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Command("book", "测试")
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.option("writer", "-w <id:int>")
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.option("writer", "--anonymous", {"id": 0})
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.usage("book [-w <id:int> | --anonymous]")
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.shortcut("测试", {"args": ["--anonymous"]})
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.action(lambda options: str(options)) # 会自动通过 bot.send 发送
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.build()
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)
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```
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