mirror of
https://github.com/nonebot/nonebot2.git
synced 2024-12-18 17:35:46 +08:00
319 lines
9.8 KiB
Markdown
319 lines
9.8 KiB
Markdown
|
---
|
|||
|
sidebar_position: 11
|
|||
|
description: 部署你的机器人
|
|||
|
---
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
# 部署
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
在编写完成后,你需要部署你的机器人来使得用户能够使用它。通常,会将机器人部署在服务器上,来保证服务持久运行。
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
在开发时机器人运行的环境称为开发环境,而在部署后机器人运行的环境称为生产环境。与开发环境不同的是,在生产环境中,开发者通常不能随意地修改/添加/删除代码,开启或停止服务。
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
## 部署前准备
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
在生产环境中,为确保机器人能够正常运行,你需要固定你的依赖库版本。下面提供了几种常见的文件格式与生成方式:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- `poetry.lock`
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
[poetry](https://python-poetry.org/) 依赖管理工具使用的 lock 文件,通常会在安装依赖时自动生成,或者使用 `poetry lock` 来生成。
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- `pdm.lock`
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
[pdm](https://pdm.fming.dev/) 依赖管理工具使用的 lock 文件,通常会在安装依赖时自动生成,或者使用 `pdm lock` 来生成。
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- `Pipfile.lock`
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
[Pipenv](https://pipenv.pypa.io/en/latest/) 依赖管理工具使用的 lock 文件,通常会在安装依赖时自动生成,或者使用 `pipenv lock` 来生成。
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- `requirements.txt`
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
如果你未使用任何依赖管理工具,你可以使用 `pip freeze` 来生成这个文件。
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
## 使用 Docker 部署(推荐)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
请自行参考 [Docker 官方文档](https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/) 安装 Docker。
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
在生产环境安装 [docker-compose](https://docs.docker.com/compose/) 工具以便部署机器人。
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
### 编译镜像与部署配置
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
在项目目录下添加以下两个文件(以 poetry 和 FastAPI 驱动器为例):
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
```dockerfile title=Dockerfile
|
|||
|
FROM python:3.9 as requirements-stage
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
WORKDIR /tmp
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
COPY ./pyproject.toml ./poetry.lock* /tmp/
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
RUN curl -sSL https://install.python-poetry.org -o install-poetry.py
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
RUN python install-poetry.py --yes
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
ENV PATH="${PATH}:/root/.local/bin"
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
RUN poetry export -f requirements.txt --output requirements.txt --without-hashes
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
FROM tiangolo/uvicorn-gunicorn-fastapi:python3.9
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
WORKDIR /app
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
COPY --from=requirements-stage /tmp/requirements.txt /app/requirements.txt
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
RUN pip install --no-cache-dir --upgrade -r requirements.txt
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
RUN rm requirements.txt
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
COPY ./ /app/
|
|||
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
```yaml title=docker-compose.yml
|
|||
|
version: "3"
|
|||
|
services:
|
|||
|
nonebot:
|
|||
|
build: .
|
|||
|
ports:
|
|||
|
- "8080:8080" # 映射端口到宿主机 宿主机端口:容器端口
|
|||
|
env_file:
|
|||
|
- ".env.prod" # fastapi 使用的环境变量文件
|
|||
|
environment:
|
|||
|
- ENVIRONMENT=prod
|
|||
|
- APP_MODULE=bot:app
|
|||
|
- MAX_WORKERS=1
|
|||
|
network_mode: bridge
|
|||
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
配置完成后即可使用 `docker-compose up -d` 命令来启动机器人并在后台运行。
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
### CI/CD
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
配合 GitHub Actions 可以完成 CI/CD,在 GitHub 上发布 Release 时自动部署至生产环境。
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
在 [Docker Hub](https://hub.docker.com/) 上创建仓库,并将下方 workflow 文件中高亮行中的仓库名称替换为你的仓库名称。
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
前往项目仓库的 `Settings` > `Secrets` > `actions` 栏目 `New Repository Secret` 添加部署所需的密钥:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- `DOCKERHUB_USERNAME`: 你的 Docker Hub 用户名
|
|||
|
- `DOCKERHUB_PASSWORD`: 你的 Docker Hub PAT([创建方法](https://docs.docker.com/docker-hub/access-tokens/))
|
|||
|
- `DEPLOY_HOST`: 部署服务器的 SSH 地址
|
|||
|
- `DEPLOY_USER`: 部署服务器用户名
|
|||
|
- `DEPLOY_KEY`: 部署服务器私钥 ([创建方法](https://github.com/appleboy/ssh-action#setting-up-a-ssh-key))
|
|||
|
- `DEPLOY_PATH`: 部署服务器上的项目路径
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
将以下文件添加至项目下的 `.github/workflows/` 目录下:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
```yaml title=.github/workflows/build.yml {30}
|
|||
|
name: Docker Hub Release
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
on:
|
|||
|
push:
|
|||
|
tags:
|
|||
|
- "v*"
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
jobs:
|
|||
|
docker:
|
|||
|
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
steps:
|
|||
|
- name: Checkout
|
|||
|
uses: actions/checkout@v2
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- name: Setup Docker
|
|||
|
uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v1
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- name: Login to DockerHub
|
|||
|
uses: docker/login-action@v1
|
|||
|
with:
|
|||
|
username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
|
|||
|
password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_PASSWORD }}
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- name: Generate Tags
|
|||
|
uses: docker/metadata-action@v3
|
|||
|
id: metadata
|
|||
|
with:
|
|||
|
images: |
|
|||
|
{organization}/{repository}
|
|||
|
tags: |
|
|||
|
type=semver,pattern={{version}}
|
|||
|
type=sha
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- name: Build and Publish
|
|||
|
uses: docker/build-push-action@v2
|
|||
|
with:
|
|||
|
context: .
|
|||
|
push: true
|
|||
|
tags: ${{ steps.metadata.outputs.tags }}
|
|||
|
labels: ${{ steps.metadata.outputs.labels }}
|
|||
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
```yaml title=.github/workflows/deploy.yml
|
|||
|
name: Deploy
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
on:
|
|||
|
workflow_run:
|
|||
|
workflows:
|
|||
|
- Docker Hub Release
|
|||
|
types:
|
|||
|
- completed
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
jobs:
|
|||
|
deploy:
|
|||
|
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
|
|||
|
if: ${{ github.event.workflow_run.conclusion == 'success' }}
|
|||
|
steps:
|
|||
|
- name: start deployment
|
|||
|
uses: bobheadxi/deployments@v1
|
|||
|
id: deployment
|
|||
|
with:
|
|||
|
step: start
|
|||
|
token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
|
|||
|
env: official-bot
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- name: remote ssh command
|
|||
|
uses: appleboy/ssh-action@master
|
|||
|
env:
|
|||
|
DEPLOY_PATH: ${{ secrets.DEPLOY_PATH }}
|
|||
|
with:
|
|||
|
host: ${{ secrets.DEPLOY_HOST }}
|
|||
|
username: ${{ secrets.DEPLOY_USER }}
|
|||
|
key: ${{ secrets.DEPLOY_KEY }}
|
|||
|
envs: DEPLOY_PATH
|
|||
|
script: |
|
|||
|
cd $DEPLOY_PATH
|
|||
|
docker-compose down
|
|||
|
docker-compose pull
|
|||
|
docker-compose up -d
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- name: update deployment status
|
|||
|
uses: bobheadxi/deployments@v0.6.2
|
|||
|
if: always()
|
|||
|
with:
|
|||
|
step: finish
|
|||
|
token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
|
|||
|
status: ${{ job.status }}
|
|||
|
deployment_id: ${{ steps.deployment.outputs.deployment_id }}
|
|||
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
将上一部分的 `docker-compose.yml` 文件以及 `.env.prod` 配置文件添加至 `DEPLOY_PATH` 目录下,并修改 `docker-compose.yml` 文件中的镜像配置,替换为 Docker Hub 的仓库名称。
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
```diff
|
|||
|
- build: .
|
|||
|
+ image: {organization}/{repository}:latest
|
|||
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
## 使用 Supervisor 部署
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
参考:[Uvicorn - Supervisor](https://www.uvicorn.org/deployment/#supervisor)
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
```ini
|
|||
|
[supervisord]
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
[fcgi-program:nonebot]
|
|||
|
socket=tcp://localhost:8080
|
|||
|
command=python3 -m uvicorn --fd 0 bot:app
|
|||
|
directory=/path/to/bot
|
|||
|
autorestart=true
|
|||
|
startsecs=10
|
|||
|
startretries=3
|
|||
|
numprocs=1
|
|||
|
process_name=%(program_name)s-%(process_num)d
|
|||
|
stdout_logfile=/path/to/log/nonebot.out.log
|
|||
|
stdout_logfile_maxbytes=2MB
|
|||
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
:::warning 警告
|
|||
|
请配合虚拟环境使用,如 venv 等,请勿直接在 Linux 服务器系统环境中安装。
|
|||
|
:::
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
## 使用 PM2 部署
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
:::tip 提示
|
|||
|
在阅读这一节的过程中, 你总是可以参照 [PM2 官方文档](https://pm2.keymetrics.io/docs/usage/quick-start/) 来得到更多的信息
|
|||
|
:::
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
### 安装 PM2
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
需要有 NodeJS 10+环境来运行 PM2, ~~(什么 NTR)~~
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
然后通过以下命令安装即可:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
```shell
|
|||
|
npm install -g pm2
|
|||
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
在安装完成后, 执行以下指令, 如果得到类似的输出则说明你安装成功了 PM2:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
```shell
|
|||
|
$ pm2 -V
|
|||
|
5.2.0
|
|||
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
### 在后台运行进程
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
:::tip 提示
|
|||
|
以下步骤要求您在您 Bot 的工作目录下执行
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
如果您使用了虚拟环境, 请确保 Bot 启动命令能在虚拟环境中正常执行
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
换言之, Bot 程序需要在当前终端环境下正常运行
|
|||
|
:::
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
#### 启动 Bot 进程
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
```shell
|
|||
|
$ pm2 start "python -m nb_cli run" # 或者直接 nb run 也行
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
[PM2] Starting /usr/bin/bash in fork_mode (1 instance)
|
|||
|
[PM2] Done.
|
|||
|
┌─────┬────────┬─────────────┬─────────┬─────────┬──────────┬────────┬──────┬───────────┬──────────┬──────────┬──────────┬──────────┐
|
|||
|
│ id │ name │ namespace │ version │ mode │ pid │ uptime │ ↺ │ status │ cpu │ mem │ user │ watching │
|
|||
|
├─────┼────────┼─────────────┼─────────┼─────────┼──────────┼────────┼──────┼───────────┼──────────┼──────────┼──────────┼──────────┤
|
|||
|
│ 0 │ nb run │ default │ N/A │ fork │ 93061 │ 0s │ 0 │ online │ 0% │ 8.3mb │ mix │ disabled │
|
|||
|
└─────┴────────┴─────────────┴─────────┴─────────┴──────────┴────────┴──────┴───────────┴──────────┴──────────┴──────────┴──────────┘
|
|||
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
此时 Bot 进程就在后台运行了, 注意到表格第一列的 ID, 它可以用来查看和控制进程的状态
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
#### 常用命令
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
更具体的用法请移步 PM2 官方文档, ~~如果想要详细示例建议直接上手试试~~
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
其中命令中的所有`<id>`应该替换为上文启动进程后返回的 ID
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- 查看最近 150 行日志
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- `pm2 log <id> --lines 150`
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- 实时监控所有进程日志
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- `pm2 monit`
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- 展示当前 PM2 管理的所有进程
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- `pm2 ls`
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- 停止某个进程
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- `pm2 stop <id>`
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- 删除某个进程
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- `pm2 del <id>`
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- 重启某个进程
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- `pm2 restart <id>`
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- 保存当前进程列表
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- `pm2 save`
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- 恢复保存的进程列表
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- `pm2 resurrect`
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- 设置开机自动启动进程列表
|
|||
|
- `pm2 startup`
|
|||
|
- 需要执行过 `pm2 save`
|
|||
|
如果不是 root 用户执行, 则需要手动添加指令返回的环境变量
|